- Teks
- Sejarah
CHAPTER IIREVIEW OF THE RELATED LIT
CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF THE RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 The nature of Writing
Wikipedia states that writing is a medium of communication that represents language though the inscription of signs and symbols. According to Tarigan (1985:5) writing is productive skills for writing on indirect communication and the nature of the character is very different from that expressed by speaking directly, therefor writing is included an ability, according to Harmer (2001:79) writing is from of communication to deliver through or to express feeling through written form. So, writing is an indirect communication to deliver through or to express feeling through writen form.
Writing is important skill in study English for all level. It has many purposes such as to improve the students vocabulary, to improve the students grammatical, etc. Writing is more difficult rather than the other language skills because it needs well knowledge and hard thinking when they are produce words, sentences and paragraphs with a good grammatical.
Jeremy (2001) says written text has a number of conventions which separate it out from speaking. Apart from differences in Grammar and Vocabulary, there are issues of letter, word, and text formation, manifested by handwriting, spelling, and layout and punctuation. It means writing more difficult than speaking. Because in writing there many part of writing that must be mastered by the students. Then, Alice (1991) state that Writing is not easy. It takes study and practice to develop this skill. For both native speakers and new learners of English, it is important to note that writing is a process, not a product.
Based on explanation above the researcher conclude that writing is kind of difficult skill to learn English. It is difficult because many steps or part that must be mastered of the students to write something such as: grammatical, content, and ideas. But writing should easy to the students if they understand what are they learn about writing.
2.1.1 The Process of Writing
John (2003) stated on his book that there are four bases in writing an effective paper: unity, support, coherence, and sentence skills.
a. Unity
To achieve unity is to have all the details in your paper related to your thesis and to your three supporting topic sentences. Each time you think of something to put into your paper, ask yourself whether it relates to your thesis and your supporting points.
b. Support
After realizing the importance of specific supporting details, all your papers should include such vivid details.
c. Coherence
All the supporting ideas and sentences in a paper must be organized so that they cohere. Key techniques for tying together the material in a paper include a clear method of organization (such as time order or emphatic order), transitions, and other connecting words.
d. Sentence Skills
Here are the examples of sentence-skills mistakes: quotation marks, capitalization, singular-plural, parallelism, sentence fragment, misspelled, tenses, apostrophe, etc.
Based on the explanation above, the researcher conclude the process of writing are: unity, support, coherence and sentence skill.
2.1.2 The Component of Writing
Writing text has some rules that must the writer know before begin to write something. If the writer know about it, their written should be a good sentence or text, the rules in writing is namely the component of writing.
According to Brown and Bailey (1984), there are five components that should be considered in writing:
(1) Content
Content means how the substance of the writing and idea expressed by the writer.
(2) Grammar
Grammar is the employment of grammatical forms and syntactic pattern.
(3) Organization
Organization means how is the structure of paragraph can be made.
(4) Vocabulary
Vocabulary is how the writer chooses appropriate and varied words in his or her writing.
(5) Mechanics
Mechanics according to Brown & Bailey (1984) is the usage of capitalization, punctuation and spelling
REVIEW OF THE RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 The nature of Writing
Wikipedia states that writing is a medium of communication that represents language though the inscription of signs and symbols. According to Tarigan (1985:5) writing is productive skills for writing on indirect communication and the nature of the character is very different from that expressed by speaking directly, therefor writing is included an ability, according to Harmer (2001:79) writing is from of communication to deliver through or to express feeling through written form. So, writing is an indirect communication to deliver through or to express feeling through writen form.
Writing is important skill in study English for all level. It has many purposes such as to improve the students vocabulary, to improve the students grammatical, etc. Writing is more difficult rather than the other language skills because it needs well knowledge and hard thinking when they are produce words, sentences and paragraphs with a good grammatical.
Jeremy (2001) says written text has a number of conventions which separate it out from speaking. Apart from differences in Grammar and Vocabulary, there are issues of letter, word, and text formation, manifested by handwriting, spelling, and layout and punctuation. It means writing more difficult than speaking. Because in writing there many part of writing that must be mastered by the students. Then, Alice (1991) state that Writing is not easy. It takes study and practice to develop this skill. For both native speakers and new learners of English, it is important to note that writing is a process, not a product.
Based on explanation above the researcher conclude that writing is kind of difficult skill to learn English. It is difficult because many steps or part that must be mastered of the students to write something such as: grammatical, content, and ideas. But writing should easy to the students if they understand what are they learn about writing.
2.1.1 The Process of Writing
John (2003) stated on his book that there are four bases in writing an effective paper: unity, support, coherence, and sentence skills.
a. Unity
To achieve unity is to have all the details in your paper related to your thesis and to your three supporting topic sentences. Each time you think of something to put into your paper, ask yourself whether it relates to your thesis and your supporting points.
b. Support
After realizing the importance of specific supporting details, all your papers should include such vivid details.
c. Coherence
All the supporting ideas and sentences in a paper must be organized so that they cohere. Key techniques for tying together the material in a paper include a clear method of organization (such as time order or emphatic order), transitions, and other connecting words.
d. Sentence Skills
Here are the examples of sentence-skills mistakes: quotation marks, capitalization, singular-plural, parallelism, sentence fragment, misspelled, tenses, apostrophe, etc.
Based on the explanation above, the researcher conclude the process of writing are: unity, support, coherence and sentence skill.
2.1.2 The Component of Writing
Writing text has some rules that must the writer know before begin to write something. If the writer know about it, their written should be a good sentence or text, the rules in writing is namely the component of writing.
According to Brown and Bailey (1984), there are five components that should be considered in writing:
(1) Content
Content means how the substance of the writing and idea expressed by the writer.
(2) Grammar
Grammar is the employment of grammatical forms and syntactic pattern.
(3) Organization
Organization means how is the structure of paragraph can be made.
(4) Vocabulary
Vocabulary is how the writer chooses appropriate and varied words in his or her writing.
(5) Mechanics
Mechanics according to Brown & Bailey (1984) is the usage of capitalization, punctuation and spelling
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BAB IIKAJIAN PUSTAKA TERKAIT2.1 sifat menulis Wikipedia menyatakan bahwa menulis adalah media komunikasi yang mewakili bahasa meskipun prasasti tanda-tanda dan simbol. Menurut Tarigan (1985:5) menulis adalah keterampilan yang produktif untuk menulis pada komunikasi langsung dan sifat karakter sangat berbeda dari yang dinyatakan dengan berbicara langsung, untuk itu menulis termasuk kemampuan, menurut Harmer (2001:79) menulis adalah dari komunikasi untuk menyampaikan melalui atau untuk mengekspresikan perasaan melalui bentuk tertulis. Jadi, menulis adalah komunikasi yang tidak langsung untuk menyampaikan melalui atau untuk mengekspresikan perasaan melalui formulir ditulis.Menulis adalah keterampilan yang penting dalam studi bahasa Inggris untuk semua tingkat. Ini memiliki banyak tujuan seperti untuk meningkatkan kosa kata siswa, untuk meningkatkan siswa tata bahasa, dll. Menulis lebih sulit daripada keterampilan bahasa lain karena membutuhkan pengetahuan yang baik dan keras berpikir ketika mereka yang menghasilkan kata-kata, kalimat dan paragraf dengan baik tata bahasa.Jeremy (2001) mengatakan teks tertulis memiliki sejumlah Konvensi yang memisahkan dari berbicara. Terlepas dari perbedaan dalam tata bahasa dan kosa kata, ada masalah huruf, kata, dan formasi teks, diwujudkan oleh tulisan tangan, ejaan, dan tata letak dan tanda baca. Itu berarti menulis lebih sulit daripada berbicara. Karena dalam menulis ada banyak bagian dari menulis yang harus dikuasai oleh para mahasiswa. Kemudian, Alice (1991) menyatakan bahwa menulis tidak mudah. Dibutuhkan studi dan praktek untuk mengembangkan keterampilan ini. Untuk penutur asli dan baru pembelajar bahasa Inggris, sangat penting untuk dicatat bahwa menulis adalah sebuah proses, bukan produk.Berdasarkan uraian diatas peneliti menyimpulkan bahwa menulis adalah keterampilan yang agak sulit untuk belajar bahasa Inggris. Sulit karena banyak langkah atau bagian yang harus dikuasai siswa untuk menulis sesuatu seperti: tata bahasa, konten, dan ide-ide. Tapi menulis harus mudah kepada siswa jika mereka mengerti apa yang mereka pelajari tentang menulis.2.1.1 proses penulisanYohanes (2003) menyatakan pada bukunya bahwa ada empat dasar dalam menulis makalah efektif: kesatuan, dukungan, koherensi dan keterampilan kalimat.a. kesatuanUntuk mencapai kesatuan adalah memiliki semua rincian dalam kertas Anda berkaitan dengan tesis Anda dan untuk mendukung topik kalimat Anda tiga. Setiap kali Anda memikirkan sesuatu untuk dimasukkan ke dalam kertas Anda, tanyakan pada diri Anda apakah itu berhubungan dengan tesis Anda dan poin Anda mendukung.b. dukunganSetelah menyadari pentingnya rincian spesifik pendukung, semua surat-surat Anda harus menyertakan rincian seperti hidup.c. koherensiSemua ide-ide dan kalimat-kalimat dalam kertas pendukung harus diatur sehingga mereka singkatnya. Kunci teknik untuk mengikat bersama-sama bahan kertas termasuk metode jelas organisasi (seperti waktu Orde atau tegas order), transisi, dan kata-kata penghubung lain.d. kalimat keterampilanBerikut adalah contoh-contoh kalimat-keterampilan kesalahan: tanda kutip, kapitalisasi, tunggal-jamak, paralelisme, fragmen kalimat, salah eja, tenses, tanda kutip, dll. Berdasarkan uraian di atas, peneliti menyimpulkan proses penulisan: keterampilan kesatuan, dukungan, koherensi dan kalimat.2.1.2 komponen menulisMenulis teks memiliki beberapa aturan yang harus penulis tahu sebelum mulai menulis sesuatu. Jika penulis tahu tentang hal itu, mereka tertulis harus baik kalimat atau teks, aturan dalam menulis adalah yaitu komponen dari menulis.Menurut Brown dan Bailey (1984), ada lima komponen yang harus dipertimbangkan dalam menulis:(1) contentKonten berarti bagaimana substansi menulis dan ide diungkapkan oleh penulis.(2) tata bahasa Tata bahasa adalah pekerjaan bentuk gramatikal dan sintaksis pola. (3) organisasi Organisasi berarti bagaimana adalah struktur dari ayat dapat dibuat. (4) Kosakata Kosakata adalah bagaimana penulis memilih kata-kata yang tepat dan bervariasi di nya menulis.(5) mekanika Mekanika menurut Brown & Bailey (1984) adalah penggunaan kapitalisasi, tanda baca dan ejaan
Sedang diterjemahkan, harap tunggu..
CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF THE RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 The nature of Writing
Wikipedia states that writing is a medium of communication that represents language though the inscription of signs and symbols. According to Tarigan (1985:5) writing is productive skills for writing on indirect communication and the nature of the character is very different from that expressed by speaking directly, therefor writing is included an ability, according to Harmer (2001:79) writing is from of communication to deliver through or to express feeling through written form. So, writing is an indirect communication to deliver through or to express feeling through writen form.
Writing is important skill in study English for all level. It has many purposes such as to improve the students vocabulary, to improve the students grammatical, etc. Writing is more difficult rather than the other language skills because it needs well knowledge and hard thinking when they are produce words, sentences and paragraphs with a good grammatical.
Jeremy (2001) says written text has a number of conventions which separate it out from speaking. Apart from differences in Grammar and Vocabulary, there are issues of letter, word, and text formation, manifested by handwriting, spelling, and layout and punctuation. It means writing more difficult than speaking. Because in writing there many part of writing that must be mastered by the students. Then, Alice (1991) state that Writing is not easy. It takes study and practice to develop this skill. For both native speakers and new learners of English, it is important to note that writing is a process, not a product.
Based on explanation above the researcher conclude that writing is kind of difficult skill to learn English. It is difficult because many steps or part that must be mastered of the students to write something such as: grammatical, content, and ideas. But writing should easy to the students if they understand what are they learn about writing.
2.1.1 The Process of Writing
John (2003) stated on his book that there are four bases in writing an effective paper: unity, support, coherence, and sentence skills.
a. Unity
To achieve unity is to have all the details in your paper related to your thesis and to your three supporting topic sentences. Each time you think of something to put into your paper, ask yourself whether it relates to your thesis and your supporting points.
b. Support
After realizing the importance of specific supporting details, all your papers should include such vivid details.
c. Coherence
All the supporting ideas and sentences in a paper must be organized so that they cohere. Key techniques for tying together the material in a paper include a clear method of organization (such as time order or emphatic order), transitions, and other connecting words.
d. Sentence Skills
Here are the examples of sentence-skills mistakes: quotation marks, capitalization, singular-plural, parallelism, sentence fragment, misspelled, tenses, apostrophe, etc.
Based on the explanation above, the researcher conclude the process of writing are: unity, support, coherence and sentence skill.
2.1.2 The Component of Writing
Writing text has some rules that must the writer know before begin to write something. If the writer know about it, their written should be a good sentence or text, the rules in writing is namely the component of writing.
According to Brown and Bailey (1984), there are five components that should be considered in writing:
(1) Content
Content means how the substance of the writing and idea expressed by the writer.
(2) Grammar
Grammar is the employment of grammatical forms and syntactic pattern.
(3) Organization
Organization means how is the structure of paragraph can be made.
(4) Vocabulary
Vocabulary is how the writer chooses appropriate and varied words in his or her writing.
(5) Mechanics
Mechanics according to Brown & Bailey (1984) is the usage of capitalization, punctuation and spelling
REVIEW OF THE RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 The nature of Writing
Wikipedia states that writing is a medium of communication that represents language though the inscription of signs and symbols. According to Tarigan (1985:5) writing is productive skills for writing on indirect communication and the nature of the character is very different from that expressed by speaking directly, therefor writing is included an ability, according to Harmer (2001:79) writing is from of communication to deliver through or to express feeling through written form. So, writing is an indirect communication to deliver through or to express feeling through writen form.
Writing is important skill in study English for all level. It has many purposes such as to improve the students vocabulary, to improve the students grammatical, etc. Writing is more difficult rather than the other language skills because it needs well knowledge and hard thinking when they are produce words, sentences and paragraphs with a good grammatical.
Jeremy (2001) says written text has a number of conventions which separate it out from speaking. Apart from differences in Grammar and Vocabulary, there are issues of letter, word, and text formation, manifested by handwriting, spelling, and layout and punctuation. It means writing more difficult than speaking. Because in writing there many part of writing that must be mastered by the students. Then, Alice (1991) state that Writing is not easy. It takes study and practice to develop this skill. For both native speakers and new learners of English, it is important to note that writing is a process, not a product.
Based on explanation above the researcher conclude that writing is kind of difficult skill to learn English. It is difficult because many steps or part that must be mastered of the students to write something such as: grammatical, content, and ideas. But writing should easy to the students if they understand what are they learn about writing.
2.1.1 The Process of Writing
John (2003) stated on his book that there are four bases in writing an effective paper: unity, support, coherence, and sentence skills.
a. Unity
To achieve unity is to have all the details in your paper related to your thesis and to your three supporting topic sentences. Each time you think of something to put into your paper, ask yourself whether it relates to your thesis and your supporting points.
b. Support
After realizing the importance of specific supporting details, all your papers should include such vivid details.
c. Coherence
All the supporting ideas and sentences in a paper must be organized so that they cohere. Key techniques for tying together the material in a paper include a clear method of organization (such as time order or emphatic order), transitions, and other connecting words.
d. Sentence Skills
Here are the examples of sentence-skills mistakes: quotation marks, capitalization, singular-plural, parallelism, sentence fragment, misspelled, tenses, apostrophe, etc.
Based on the explanation above, the researcher conclude the process of writing are: unity, support, coherence and sentence skill.
2.1.2 The Component of Writing
Writing text has some rules that must the writer know before begin to write something. If the writer know about it, their written should be a good sentence or text, the rules in writing is namely the component of writing.
According to Brown and Bailey (1984), there are five components that should be considered in writing:
(1) Content
Content means how the substance of the writing and idea expressed by the writer.
(2) Grammar
Grammar is the employment of grammatical forms and syntactic pattern.
(3) Organization
Organization means how is the structure of paragraph can be made.
(4) Vocabulary
Vocabulary is how the writer chooses appropriate and varied words in his or her writing.
(5) Mechanics
Mechanics according to Brown & Bailey (1984) is the usage of capitalization, punctuation and spelling
Sedang diterjemahkan, harap tunggu..
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- they are applicable across a range of se
- menikahlah dengan ku
- they are applicable across a range of se
- wE live only once , out once enough if w
- Ireoke neol bureudeon geu saram naraneun
- The one word for describe our friendship
- Jadilah teman di sepanjang hidupku....se
- Kamu lagi apa sekarang?
- saya memiliki impian yang besar dan sang
- take care dear
- How could I move on, I can't move on fro
- Du bist suss
- saya memiliki impian yang besar dan sang
- takecare dear
- Sampai jumpa besok
- wE live only once , out once enought if
- Cinta itu buta
- Pemandangan indah, itu bagus jika di luk
- they are applicable across a range of se
- I still feel in love with you even if yo
- Clash of clans
- Pemandangan indah, itu bagus jika di bua
- they are applicable across a range of se
- Research DesignThis is a descriptive res
