DISPATCHESDuringJanuary2013–August2014,atotalof1,800patientsinIranwhoh terjemahan - DISPATCHESDuringJanuary2013–August2014,atotalof1,800patientsinIranwhoh Bahasa Indonesia Bagaimana mengatakan

DISPATCHESDuringJanuary2013–August2


DISPATCHES
During
January
2013–August
2014,
a
total
of
1,800
patients
in
Iran
who
had
respiratory
illness
were
tested
for
Middle
East
respiratory
syndrome
coronavirus.
A
cluster
of
5
cases
occurred
in
Kerman
Province
during
May–July
2014,
but
vi
-
rus
transmission
routes
for
some
infections
were
unclear.
M
iddle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-
CoV) was initially reported in September 2012 in
Saudi Arabia (
1
); the first human infected died of respira
-
tory and renal failure (
2,3
). As of July 23, 2014, a total of
837 human cases and 291 deaths had been reported (
4
); all
cases were directly or indirectly linked to travel to or resi
-
dence in the Middle East.
During January 2013–August 2014, a total of 1,800
patients in Iran who had respiratory illness were tested for
MERS-CoV. Patients tested during 2013 had been pilgrims
to Mecca, Saudi Arabia, during the Hajj; patients tested
during 2014 were pilgrims or had been hospitalized for
respiratory infections with unknown causes. We report a
cluster of 5 cases that occurred in the same hospital in Ker
-
man Province, Iran, during May–July 2014 (Table).
The Cases
Patient 1 was a 52-year-old woman with a history of hy
-
pertension who became ill on May 1, 2014, and was admit
-
ted to hospital A on May 11 with high fever (temperature
>38°C), cough, dyspnea, diarrhea, and anorexia. Her con
-
dition deteriorated, and she was transferred to an intensive
care unit (ICU). Her condition remained poor, and on May
29, 18 days after her symptoms began, she died of progres
-
sive respiratory failure. Patient 1 had not traveled to Saudi
Arabia, but she had had close contact with a woman who
had influenza-like illness and who had traveled to Saudi
Arabia 2 weeks before her symptoms began. This contact
of patient 1 is suspected of being the index case-patient, but
when throat swab and sputum samples were collected from
her, she had no symptoms, and PCR results were negative.
A serum sample was not tested because serologic testing
for MERS-CoV was not available.
Patient 2 was the 50-year-old sister of patient 1 and
also had a history of hypertension. She became ill on May
11, 2014, with fever (temperature >38°C), cough, hemop
-
tysis, nausea, vomiting, and anorexia. She was admitted to
hospital A on May 17; her condition improved, and she was
discharged on May 30, 19 days after onset of symptoms.
Patient 3 was a 35-year-old female nurse assistant at
hospital A who had no underlying medical conditions. Her
symptoms of sore throat and productive cough were de
-
tected on May 26 as part of the investigation of the first
2 cases; co-infection with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 was
detected. Patient 3 had contact with patient 1 during her
hospitalization in ICU. Patient 3 was advised to stay home
and follow infection control precautions until respiratory
samples tested negative.
Patient 4 was a 44-year-old male physician at hospital
A with a history of chronic heart disease who had contact
with patient 1 during her hospitalization in ICU. Mild re
-
spiratory symptoms developed in patient 4 on June 6; his
condition deteriorated, and he was admitted to a hospital in
Tehran, Iran, on June 17 with fever (temperature >38°C),
sore throat, cough, dyspnea, chills, anorexia, and myalgia.
Patient 4’s symptoms were initially severe, but his condi
-
tion improved, and he was discharged on June 21.
Patient 5 was a 67-year-old woman who was admitted
to hospital A on June 6 because of exacerbation of chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease. She was discharged from
the hospital on June 14 and was in stable condition until se
-
vere acute respiratory infection (SARI) developed. She was
readmitted to hospital A with fever (temperature >38°C),
cough, and dyspnea on June 25. During her first hospital
-
ization, the patient had close contact with another patient
who had SARI but had tested negative for MERS-CoV. A
respiratory sample from patient 5 was obtained on June 30,
and she died on July 5.
All 5 patients were residents of Kerman Province and
had no history of travel or contact with animals in the 14
days before becoming ill. Throat swab specimens and spu
-
tum samples were collected and analyzed by using real-
time reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) performed on
the basis of a previously reported method by targeting the
upstream E region and open reading frame 1b of the virus
(
5
). Conventional RT-PCR was conducted for the N region
(
6
). The PCR products of the N region were sequenced in
both directions.
362
Emerging
Infectious
Diseases

www.cdc.gov/eid

Vol.
21,
No.
2,
February
2015
Cluster of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome
Coronavirus Infections in Iran, 2014
Jila Yavarian, Farshid Rezaei, Azadeh Shadab, Mahmood Soroush,
Mohammad Mehdi Gooya, Talat Mokhtari Azad
Author
affiliations:
Tehran
University
of
Medical
Sciences
School
of
Public
Health,
Tehran,
Iran
(J.
Yavarian,
A.
Shadab,
T.
Mokhtari
Azad);
Iranian
Center
for
Communicable
Disease
Control,
Tehran
(F.
Rezaei,
M.
Soroush,
M.M.
Gooya)
DOI:
http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid2102.141405
MERS-CoV
in
Iran,
2014
The samples from patients 1, 2, and 4 yielded N gene
sequences positive for MERS-CoV. Phylogenetic analysis
showed differences between these sequences and a con
-
sensus sequence retrieved from GenBank (accession no.
JX869059; Figure). All 3 sequences from these cases had
polymorphisms at positions 28880 (T

C), 28941 (G

C),
and 29097 (T

G). The mutation at position 28941 was
nonsynonymous with an aspartic acid to histidine change.
For the isolate from patient 4, another nonsynonymous mu
-
tation was observed at position 29329 (C

T), which re
-
sulted a change of tyrosine to isoleucine. In all 3 sequences,
nucleotide C was detected at position 29147, as was the
case with the first identified isolate of MERS-CoV. For
some sequences in GenBank, this position contains T.
Conclusions
We identified a cluster of MERS-CoV infections in Iran,
showing apparent person-to-person transmission but with
unclear transmission routes for some patients. In this clus
-
ter, patient 1 was in close contact with a person suspected of
being the index case-patient, but we were unable to verify
the infection status of this patient. Patient 2 seems to have
acquired the infection from patient 1. The source of infec
-
tion for patients 3 and 4 was patient 1 or 2, but the source
for patient 5’s infection remains unknown. However, sub
-
clinical cases of MERS-CoV infection have been reported
to the World Health Organization (
7
); exposure to a person
with subclinical infection could explain an active infection
that has an unknown route of transmission.
Emerging
Infectious
Diseases

www.cdc.gov/eid

Vol.
21,
No.
2,
February
2015
363
Table
. Patient and clinical data on 5 Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infections in Kerman
Province,
Iran, 2014
*
Patient
no.
Patient age,
y/sex
Date
of illness
onset
H
ospitalization
da
tes
Date
infection
confirm
ed
Date of death
GenBank accession no.
for isolate
1
52/F
May 1
May 11

29
May 24
May 29
KM044032
2
50/F
May 11
May 17

30
May 24
NA
KM044034
3
35/F
May 26
NA
May 31
NA
NA
4
44/M
Jun 6
Jun 17

21
Jun 19
NA
KM044033
5
67/F
Jun 25
Jun 25

Jul 5
Jul 5
Jul 4
NA
*NA, not applicable.
Figure.
Phylogenic
sequence
analysis
of
3
Middle
East
respiratory
syndrome
coronavirus
(MERS-CoV)
isolates
from
patients
in
Kerman
Province,
Iran
(boldface),
2014,
compared
with
sequences
from
GenBank
(accession
numbers
shown).
MEGA
5.2
(http://www.
megasoftware.net)
was
used
for
construction
of
neighbor-joining
tree
by
using
the
Kimura
2-parameter
model
with
uniform
rates
and
1,000
bootstrap
replicates.
DISPATCHES
Throat swab specimens and sputum samples were col
-
lected from all close contacts of the 5 patients in this clus
-
ter, including family members, other patients in the hospi
-
tal, and health care workers. All samples were negative for
MERS-CoV. Patient 1 had a pregnant daughter who was a
frequent visitor during her hospitalization but who tested
negative for MERS-CoV by real-time RT-PCR.
Before patient 1 was hospitalized, none of her con
-
tacts showed signs of MERS-CoV infection, but after her
hospitalization (during her second week of her illness), her
sister became ill and subsequently tested positive for the
virus. This finding suggests that, as with severe acute re
-
spiratory syndrome, MERS-CoV is not readily transmitted
during the early phases of the disease (
3
), in contrast to the
other human coronaviruses, which are transmitted early in
the infection (
2
). Early recognition of confirmed MERS-
CoV infections and investigation of the contacts of these
patients are critical for effective epidemic control. Because
Saudi Arabia has reported the highest number of MERS-
CoV infections, one approach for limiting the transmission
of this virus may be to screen travelers from Iran who re
-
port SARI to detect MERS-CoV. However, screening of
pilgrims from Iran who traveled to Mecca during the 2013
Hajj did not detect MERS-CoV infections (National Influ
-
enza Center Iran, unpub. data).
Our investigation has limitations. First, some persons
who may have had MERS-CoV infection were not tested,
such as the probable index case-patient with whom patient
1 had contact, the patient with SARI with whom patient
5 had contact, and the contacts of these persons. Second,
we performed N gene PCRs on samples from all 5 case-
patients, but results were negative for patients 3 and 5,
which suggests that these samples should be tested with
more specific primers.
In summary, we identified 5 cases of MERS-CoV in
the same province in Iran; for several of these cases, vi
-
rus transmission routes were not clearly defined. Future
research should focus on clarifying routes of transmission
for this virus, including the possibility of transmission from
persons with subclinical infection.
This work was supported by the Virology Department, School of
Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences.
Dr. Yavari
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DISPATCHESDuringJanuary2013–August2014,atotalof1,800patientsinIranwhohadrespiratoryillnessweretestedforMiddleEastrespiratorysyndromecoronavirus.Aclusterof5casesoccurredinKermanProvinceduringMay–July2014,butvi-rustransmissionroutesforsomeinfectionswereunclear.Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) was initially reported in September 2012 inSaudi Arabia (1); the first human infected died of respira-tory and renal failure (2,3). As of July 23, 2014, a total of837 human cases and 291 deaths had been reported (4); allcases were directly or indirectly linked to travel to or resi-dence in the Middle East.During January 2013–August 2014, a total of 1,800patients in Iran who had respiratory illness were tested forMERS-CoV. Patients tested during 2013 had been pilgrimsto Mecca, Saudi Arabia, during the Hajj; patients testedduring 2014 were pilgrims or had been hospitalized forrespiratory infections with unknown causes. We report acluster of 5 cases that occurred in the same hospital in Ker-man Province, Iran, during May–July 2014 (Table).The CasesPatient 1 was a 52-year-old woman with a history of hy-pertension who became ill on May 1, 2014, and was admit-ted to hospital A on May 11 with high fever (temperature>38°C), cough, dyspnea, diarrhea, and anorexia. Her con-dition deteriorated, and she was transferred to an intensivecare unit (ICU). Her condition remained poor, and on May29, 18 days after her symptoms began, she died of progres-sive respiratory failure. Patient 1 had not traveled to SaudiArabia, but she had had close contact with a woman whohad influenza-like illness and who had traveled to SaudiArabia 2 weeks before her symptoms began. This contactof patient 1 is suspected of being the index case-patient, butwhen throat swab and sputum samples were collected fromher, she had no symptoms, and PCR results were negative.A serum sample was not tested because serologic testingfor MERS-CoV was not available.Patient 2 was the 50-year-old sister of patient 1 andalso had a history of hypertension. She became ill on May11, 2014, with fever (temperature >38°C), cough, hemop-tysis, nausea, vomiting, and anorexia. She was admitted tohospital A on May 17; her condition improved, and she wasdischarged on May 30, 19 days after onset of symptoms.Patient 3 was a 35-year-old female nurse assistant athospital A who had no underlying medical conditions. Hersymptoms of sore throat and productive cough were de-tected on May 26 as part of the investigation of the first2 cases; co-infection with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 wasdetected. Patient 3 had contact with patient 1 during herhospitalization in ICU. Patient 3 was advised to stay homeand follow infection control precautions until respiratorysamples tested negative.Patient 4 was a 44-year-old male physician at hospitalA with a history of chronic heart disease who had contactwith patient 1 during her hospitalization in ICU. Mild re-spiratory symptoms developed in patient 4 on June 6; hiscondition deteriorated, and he was admitted to a hospital inTehran, Iran, on June 17 with fever (temperature >38°C),sore throat, cough, dyspnea, chills, anorexia, and myalgia.Patient 4’s symptoms were initially severe, but his condi-tion improved, and he was discharged on June 21.Patient 5 was a 67-year-old woman who was admittedto hospital A on June 6 because of exacerbation of chronicobstructive pulmonary disease. She was discharged fromthe hospital on June 14 and was in stable condition until se-vere acute respiratory infection (SARI) developed. She wasreadmitted to hospital A with fever (temperature >38°C),cough, and dyspnea on June 25. During her first hospital-ization, the patient had close contact with another patientwho had SARI but had tested negative for MERS-CoV. Arespiratory sample from patient 5 was obtained on June 30,and she died on July 5.All 5 patients were residents of Kerman Province andhad no history of travel or contact with animals in the 14days before becoming ill. Throat swab specimens and spu-tum samples were collected and analyzed by using real-time reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) performed onthe basis of a previously reported method by targeting theupstream E region and open reading frame 1b of the virus(5). Conventional RT-PCR was conducted for the N region(6). The PCR products of the N region were sequenced inboth directions.362EmergingInfectiousDiseases•www.cdc.gov/eid•Vol.21,No.2,February2015Cluster of Middle East Respiratory SyndromeCoronavirus Infections in Iran, 2014Jila Yavarian, Farshid Rezaei, Azadeh Shadab, Mahmood Soroush,Mohammad Mehdi Gooya, Talat Mokhtari AzadAuthoraffiliations:TehranUniversityofMedicalSciencesSchoolofPublicHealth,Tehran,Iran(J.Yavarian,A.Shadab,T.MokhtariAzad);IranianCenterforCommunicableDiseaseControl,Tehran(F.Rezaei,M.Soroush,M.M.Gooya)DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid2102.141405MERS-CoVinIran,2014The samples from patients 1, 2, and 4 yielded N genesequences positive for MERS-CoV. Phylogenetic analysisshowed differences between these sequences and a con-sensus sequence retrieved from GenBank (accession no.JX869059; Figure). All 3 sequences from these cases hadpolymorphisms at positions 28880 (T→C), 28941 (G→C),and 29097 (T→G). The mutation at position 28941 wasnonsynonymous with an aspartic acid to histidine change.For the isolate from patient 4, another nonsynonymous mu-tation was observed at position 29329 (C→T), which re-sulted a change of tyrosine to isoleucine. In all 3 sequences,nucleotide C was detected at position 29147, as was thecase with the first identified isolate of MERS-CoV. Forsome sequences in GenBank, this position contains T.ConclusionsWe identified a cluster of MERS-CoV infections in Iran,showing apparent person-to-person transmission but withunclear transmission routes for some patients. In this clus-ter, patient 1 was in close contact with a person suspected ofbeing the index case-patient, but we were unable to verifythe infection status of this patient. Patient 2 seems to haveacquired the infection from patient 1. The source of infec-tion for patients 3 and 4 was patient 1 or 2, but the sourcefor patient 5’s infection remains unknown. However, sub-clinical cases of MERS-CoV infection have been reportedto the World Health Organization (7); exposure to a personwith subclinical infection could explain an active infectionthat has an unknown route of transmission.EmergingInfectiousDiseases•www.cdc.gov/eid•Vol.21,No.2,February2015363Table. Patient and clinical data on 5 Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infections in KermanProvince,Iran, 2014*Patientno.Patient age,y/sexDateof illnessonsetHospitalizationdatesDateinfectionconfirmedDate of deathGenBank accession no.for isolate152/FMay 1May 11–29May 24May 29KM044032250/FMay 11May 17–30May 24NAKM044034335/FMay 26NAMay 31NANA444/MJun 6Jun 17–21Jun 19NAKM044033567/FJun 25Jun 25–Jul 5Jul 5Jul 4NA*NA, not applicable.Figure.Phylogenicsequenceanalysisof3MiddleEastrespiratorysyndromecoronavirus(MERS-CoV)isolatesfrompatientsinKermanProvince,Iran(boldface),2014,comparedwithsequencesfromGenBank(accessionnumbersshown).MEGA5.2(http://www.megasoftware.net)wasusedforconstructionofneighbor-joiningtreebyusingtheKimura2-parametermodelwithuniformratesand1,000bootstrapreplicates.DISPATCHESThroat swab specimens and sputum samples were col-lected from all close contacts of the 5 patients in this clus-ter, including family members, other patients in the hospi-tal, and health care workers. All samples were negative forMERS-CoV. Patient 1 had a pregnant daughter who was afrequent visitor during her hospitalization but who testednegative for MERS-CoV by real-time RT-PCR.Before patient 1 was hospitalized, none of her con-tacts showed signs of MERS-CoV infection, but after herhospitalization (during her second week of her illness), hersister became ill and subsequently tested positive for thevirus. This finding suggests that, as with severe acute re-spiratory syndrome, MERS-CoV is not readily transmittedduring the early phases of the disease (3), in contrast to theother human coronaviruses, which are transmitted early inthe infection (2). Early recognition of confirmed MERS-CoV infections and investigation of the contacts of thesepatients are critical for effective epidemic control. BecauseSaudi Arabia has reported the highest number of MERS-CoV infections, one approach for limiting the transmissionof this virus may be to screen travelers from Iran who re-port SARI to detect MERS-CoV. However, screening ofpilgrims from Iran who traveled to Mecca during the 2013Hajj did not detect MERS-CoV infections (National Influ-enza Center Iran, unpub. data).Our investigation has limitations. First, some personswho may have had MERS-CoV infection were not tested,such as the probable index case-patient with whom patient1 had contact, the patient with SARI with whom patient5 had contact, and the contacts of these persons. Second,we performed N gene PCRs on samples from all 5 case-patients, but results were negative for patients 3 and 5,which suggests that these samples should be tested withmore specific primers.In summary, we identified 5 cases of MERS-CoV inthe same province in Iran; for several of these cases, vi-rus transmission routes were not clearly defined. Futureresearch should focus on clarifying routes of transmissionfor this virus, including the possibility of transmission frompersons with subclinical infection.This work was supported by the Virology Department, School ofPublic Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences.Dr. Yavari
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Timur pernapasan sindrom coronavirus (MERS- CoV) awalnya dilaporkan pada bulan September 2012 di Arab Saudi ( 1 ); manusia pertama terinfeksi meninggal respira - tory dan gagal ginjal ( 2,3 ). Pada 23 Juli 2014, total 837 kasus manusia dan 291 kematian telah dilaporkan ( 4 ); semua kasus secara langsung atau tidak langsung terkait dengan perjalanan ke atau resi - . dence di Timur Tengah Selama Januari 2013-Agustus 2014, total 1.800 pasien di Iran yang memiliki penyakit pernafasan diuji untuk Mers-CoV. Pasien diuji selama 2013 telah peziarah ke Mekah, Arab Saudi, selama haji; pasien yang diuji selama 2014 adalah peziarah atau dirawat di rumah sakit untuk infeksi pernafasan dengan penyebab yang tidak diketahui. Kami melaporkan sekelompok 5 kasus yang terjadi di rumah sakit yang sama di Ker - . Pria Provinsi, Iran, selama Mei-Juli 2014 (Tabel) Kasus Pasien 1 adalah seorang wanita 52 tahun dengan riwayat hy - pertension yang jatuh sakit pada tanggal 1 Mei 2014, dan mengakui - ted ke rumah sakit A pada tanggal 11 Mei dengan demam tinggi (suhu > 38 ° C), batuk, dyspnea, diare, dan anoreksia. Her con - disi memburuk, dan ia dipindahkan ke intensif care unit (ICU). Kondisinya tetap miskin, dan pada tanggal 29, 18 hari setelah gejala dimulai, ia meninggal karena progres - kegagalan pernapasan komprehensif. Pasien 1 tidak melakukan perjalanan ke Arab Saudi, tapi dia punya hubungan dekat dengan seorang wanita yang memiliki penyakit influenza seperti dan yang telah melakukan perjalanan ke Arab Saudi 2 minggu sebelum gejala dimulai. Ini kontak pasien 1 dicurigai sebagai indeks kasus-pasien, namun ketika tenggorokan usap dan sputum sampel dikumpulkan dari dia, dia tidak memiliki gejala, dan hasil PCR negatif. Sampel serum tidak diuji karena pengujian serologi untuk MERS- CoV tidak tersedia. Pasien 2 adalah adik 50 tahun pasien 1 dan juga memiliki riwayat hipertensi. Dia menjadi sakit pada Mei 11, 2014, dengan demam (suhu> 38 ° C), batuk, hemop - tysis, mual, muntah, dan anoreksia. Dia dirawat di rumah sakit A pada 17 Mei; kondisinya membaik, dan dia habis pada 30 Mei, 19 hari setelah timbulnya gejala. Pasien 3 adalah asisten perawat perempuan 35 tahun di rumah sakit A yang tidak memiliki kondisi medis yang mendasari. Nya gejala sakit tenggorokan dan batuk produktif yang de - dideteksi pada 26 Mei sebagai bagian dari penyelidikan pertama 2 kasus; koinfeksi dengan influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 telah terdeteksi. Pasien 3 memiliki kontak dengan pasien 1 selama dia dirawat di rumah sakit di ICU. Pasien 3 disarankan untuk tinggal di rumah dan mengikuti tindakan pencegahan dan pengendalian infeksi saluran pernapasan sampai sampel yang diuji negatif. Pasien 4 adalah seorang dokter laki-laki 44 tahun di rumah sakit A dengan riwayat penyakit jantung kronis yang kontak dengan pasien 1 selama rawat inap nya di ICU . Mild kembali - gejala spiratory dikembangkan pada pasien 4 pada 6 Juni; nya kondisi memburuk, dan ia dirawat di sebuah rumah sakit di Teheran, Iran, pada tanggal 17 Juni dengan demam (suhu> 38 ° C), sakit tenggorokan, batuk, dyspnea, menggigil, anoreksia, dan mialgia. Pasien 4 ini gejala awalnya berat, tapi Condi nya - tion membaik, dan ia diberhentikan pada tanggal 21 Juni. Pasien 5 adalah seorang wanita 67 tahun yang dirawat di rumah sakit A pada 6 Juni karena eksaserbasi kronis penyakit paru obstruktif. Dia keluar dari rumah sakit pada tanggal 14 Juni dan berada dalam kondisi stabil sampai se - vere infeksi saluran pernafasan akut (SARI) dikembangkan. Dia kembali ke rumah sakit A dengan demam (suhu> 38 ° C), batuk, dan dyspnea pada 25 Juni Selama pertamanya di rumah sakit - isasi, pasien memiliki kontak dekat dengan pasien lain yang memiliki SARI tetapi telah diuji negatif untuk Mers-CoV . Sebuah sampel pernafasan dari pasien 5 diperoleh pada 30 Juni, dan dia meninggal pada 5 Juli. Semua 5 pasien adalah warga Kerman Provinsi dan tidak memiliki riwayat perjalanan atau kontak dengan hewan di 14 hari sebelum menjadi sakit. Spesimen tenggorokan swab dan SPU - sampel tum dikumpulkan dan dianalisis dengan menggunakan realisme transkripsi waktu terbalik PCR (RT-PCR) dilakukan pada dasar metode dilaporkan sebelumnya dengan menargetkan E wilayah hulu dan terbuka reading frame 1b virus ( 5 ). Konvensional RT-PCR dilakukan untuk wilayah N ( 6 ). PCR produk dari daerah N disekuensing di kedua arah. 362 Muncul Infectious Diseases • www.cdc.gov/eid • Vol. 21, No. 2, Februari 2015 Cluster dari Timur Tengah Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infeksi di Iran, 2014 Jila Yavarian , Farshid Rezaei, Azadeh Shadab, Mahmood Soroush, Mohammad Mehdi Gooya, Talat Mokhtari sampel dari pasien 1, 2, dan 4 menghasilkan N gen urutan positif Mers-CoV. Analisis filogenetik menunjukkan perbedaan antara urutan tersebut dan con - urut sensus diambil dari GenBank (aksesi no. JX869059; Gambar). Semua 3 urutan dari kasus ini memiliki polimorfisme pada posisi 28880 (T → C), 28.941 (G → C), dan 29.097 (T → G). Mutasi pada posisi 28941 adalah nonsynonymous dengan asam aspartat untuk histidin perubahan. Untuk isolat dari pasien 4, mu nonsynonymous lain - tasi diamati pada posisi 29329 (C → T), yang kembali - , dihasilkan perubahan tirosin untuk isoleusin. Dalam semua 3 urutan, nukleotida C terdeteksi pada posisi 29147, seperti halnya dengan isolat diidentifikasi pertama Mers-CoV. Untuk beberapa urutan di GenBank, posisi ini mengandung T. Kesimpulan Kami mengidentifikasi sekelompok infeksi Mers-CoV di Iran, menunjukkan jelas penularan dari orang ke orang tapi dengan rute transmisi jelas untuk beberapa pasien. Dalam clus ini - ter, pasien 1 berada di kontak dekat dengan orang yang dicurigai sebagai indeks kasus-pasien, tapi kami tidak dapat memverifikasi status infeksi pasien ini. Pasien 2 tampaknya telah memperoleh infeksi dari pasien 1. Sumber infec - tion untuk pasien 3 dan 4 adalah pasien 1 atau 2, tapi sumber infeksi pasien 5 tetap tidak diketahui. Namun, sub - kasus klinis infeksi Mers-CoV telah dilaporkan ke Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia ( 7 ); paparan orang dengan infeksi subklinis dapat menjelaskan infeksi aktif yang memiliki rute yang tidak diketahui transmisi. Muncul Infectious Diseases • www.cdc.gov/eid • Vol. 21, No. 2, Februari 2015 363 Tabel . Pasien dan data klinis pada 5 East Tengah infeksi saluran pernapasan sindrom coronavirus di Kerman Provinsi, Iran, 2014 * Pasien tidak. Usia pasien, y / seks Tanggal penyakit onset H ospitalization da tes Tanggal infeksi konfirmasi ed Tanggal kematian GenBank aksesi tidak ada. untuk isolat 1 52 / F 1 Mei 11 Mei - 29 Mei 24 Mei 29 KM044032 2 50 / F 11 Mei 17 Mei - 30 Mei 24 NA KM044034 3 35 / F 26 Mei NA 31 Mei NA NA 4 44 / M 6 Juni Jun 17 - 21 19 Juni NA KM044033 5 67 / F 25 Juni 25 Juni - 5 Juli 5 Juli 4 Juli NA * NA, tidak spesimen swab dan sampel dahak yang col - dikumpulkan dari semua kontak dekat dari 5 pasien di clus ini - ter, termasuk anggota keluarga, pasien lain di hospi yang - tal, dan petugas kesehatan. Semua sampel negatif untuk Mers-CoV. Pasien 1 memiliki seorang putri hamil yang merupakan pengunjung sering selama dirawat di rumah sakit, tapi yang dites negatif untuk Mers-CoV secara real-time RT-PCR. Sebelum pasien dirawat di rumah sakit 1, tak satu pun dari padanya con - tacts menunjukkan tanda-tanda infeksi Mers-CoV, tapi setelah dia dirawat di rumah sakit (selama minggu kedua penyakit yang dideritanya), dia adik jatuh sakit dan kemudian diuji positif untuk virus. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa, seperti dengan ulang akut berat - sindrom spiratory, Mers-CoV tidak mudah menular selama fase awal penyakit ( 3 ), berbeda dengan coronavirus manusia lainnya, yang ditransmisikan pada awal infeksi ( 2 ) . Pengakuan awal dikonfirmasi MERS- infeksi CoV dan investigasi kontak ini pasien sangat penting untuk kontrol epidemi yang efektif. Karena Arab Saudi telah melaporkan jumlah tertinggi MERS- infeksi CoV, salah satu pendekatan untuk membatasi penularan virus ini mungkin untuk menyaring wisatawan dari Iran yang kembali - pelabuhan SARI untuk mendeteksi Mers-COV. Namun, skrining peziarah dari Iran yang melakukan perjalanan ke Mekah selama 2013 Haji tidak mendeteksi infeksi Mers-CoV (National Influ - . enza Pusat Iran, unpub data). Penyelidikan kami memiliki keterbatasan. Pertama, beberapa orang yang mungkin memiliki infeksi Mers-CoV tidak diuji, seperti indeks kasus-pasien kemungkinan dengan siapa pasien 1 memiliki kontak, pasien dengan SARI dengan siapa pasien 5 memiliki kontak, dan kontak dari orang-orang ini. Kedua, kami melakukan N PCR gen pada sampel dari semua 5 case pasien, tapi hasilnya negatif untuk pasien 3 dan 5, yang menunjukkan bahwa sampel ini harus diuji dengan primer yang lebih spesifik. Singkatnya, kami mengidentifikasi 5 kasus Mers-CoV di provinsi yang sama di Iran; untuk beberapa kasus, vi - rute transmisi rus tidak jelas. Masa Depan penelitian harus fokus pada menjelaskan rute penularan virus ini, termasuk kemungkinan penularan dari orang dengan infeksi subklinis. Karya ini didukung oleh Departemen Virologi, Sekolah Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Teheran of Medical Sciences. Dr. Yavari




















































































































































































































































































































































































































































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