Block Grant Another grant option is

Block Grant
Another grant option is a block grant, whereby the state simply
gives the local community some grant amount G with no mandate on how it is
to be spent. To keep the cost to the state government constant, suppose that the
state government gives Lexington a $375,000 block grant. Because the block
grant makes Lexington wealthy enough to afford to spend up to $1.375 million
on either education or private goods, it shifts the budget constraint out
from AB to DE, as Figure 10-4 illustrates.
While Massachusetts is giving Lexington the same amount of money with
the block grant, it has a very different effect on the town’s behavior. Some of
this newfound wealth will be used to increase education spending, while some
will be used to increase consumption of private goods. In this example, the
town moves to point Z, raising education spending by only $75,000 and private
goods spending by $300,000 (from $500,000 to $800,000).
The increase in education spending is lower with the block grant ($75,000)
than it was with the matching grant ($250,000) because there is now only an
income effect on education spending for Lexington, whereas the matching
grant had both a substitution and an income effect. The income effect raises

Block Grant
 Another grant option is a block grant, whereby the state simply
gives the local community some grant amount G with no mandate on how it is
to be spent. To keep the cost to the state government constant, suppose that the
state government gives Lexington a $375,000 block grant. Because the block
grant makes Lexington wealthy enough to afford to spend up to $1.375 million
on either education or private goods, it shifts the budget constraint out
from AB to DE, as Figure 10-4 illustrates.
While Massachusetts is giving Lexington the same amount of money with
the block grant, it has a very different effect on the town’s behavior. Some of
this newfound wealth will be used to increase education spending, while some
will be used to increase consumption of private goods. In this example, the
town moves to point Z, raising education spending by only $75,000 and private
goods spending by $300,000 (from $500,000 to $800,000).
The increase in education spending is lower with the block grant ($75,000)
than it was with the matching grant ($250,000) because there is now only an
income effect on education spending for Lexington, whereas the matching
grant had both a substitution and an income effect. The income effect raises

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Block Grant Another grant option is a block grant, whereby the state simplygives the local community some grant amount G with no mandate on how it isto be spent. To keep the cost to the state government constant, suppose that thestate government gives Lexington a $375,000 block grant. Because the blockgrant makes Lexington wealthy enough to afford to spend up to $1.375 millionon either education or private goods, it shifts the budget constraint outfrom AB to DE, as Figure 10-4 illustrates.While Massachusetts is giving Lexington the same amount of money withthe block grant, it has a very different effect on the town’s behavior. Some ofthis newfound wealth will be used to increase education spending, while somewill be used to increase consumption of private goods. In this example, thetown moves to point Z, raising education spending by only $75,000 and privategoods spending by $300,000 (from $500,000 to $800,000).The increase in education spending is lower with the block grant ($75,000)than it was with the matching grant ($250,000) because there is now only anincome effect on education spending for Lexington, whereas the matchinggrant had both a substitution and an income effect. The income effect raises

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Block Grant
Pilihan lain hibah adalah block grant, dimana negara hanya
memberikan masyarakat setempat beberapa jumlah hibah G tanpa mandat pada bagaimana itu
harus dihabiskan. Untuk menjaga biaya untuk konstanta pemerintah negara bagian, misalkan bahwa
pemerintah negara bagian memberikan Lexington sebuah $ 375.000 block grant. Karena blok
grant membuat Lexington cukup kaya untuk mampu untuk menghabiskan sampai $ 1.375.000
di kedua pendidikan atau barang pribadi, menggeser batasan anggaran keluar
dari AB ke DE, seperti pada Gambar 10-4 mengilustrasikan.
Sementara Massachusetts memberikan Lexington jumlah yang sama uang dengan
blok grant, ia memiliki efek yang sangat berbeda pada perilaku kota. Beberapa
baru ditemukan kekayaan ini akan digunakan untuk meningkatkan belanja pendidikan, sementara beberapa
akan digunakan untuk meningkatkan konsumsi barang pribadi. Dalam contoh ini,
kota bergerak ke titik Z, meningkatkan belanja pendidikan dengan hanya $ 75.000 dan swasta
barang belanja oleh $ 300.000 (dari $ 500.000 untuk $ 800,000).
Kenaikan belanja pendidikan lebih rendah dengan block grant ($ 75.000)
daripada dengan pencocokan memberikan ($ 250.000) karena sekarang ada hanya
efek pendapatan pada belanja pendidikan untuk Lexington, sedangkan pencocokan
hibah telah baik substitusi dan efek pendapatan. Efek pendapatan kenaikan gaji

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