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51. SOCRATES: Lalu apa yang akan menjadi subjek pembahasan tentang apa yang Anda akan dapat dibenarkan dalam mendapatkan dan menasihati mereka? 52. ALCIBIADES: tentang keprihatinan mereka sendiri, Socrates. 53. SOCRATES: Maksudmu tentang kapal, misalnya, ketika pertanyaan adalah jenis kapal mereka harus membangun? 54. ALCIBIADES: Tidak, saya harus tidak memberitahu mereka tentang hal itu. 55. SOCRATES: saya kira, karena Anda tidak mengerti kapal: — adalah bahwa alasan? 56. ALCIBIADES: Hal ini. 57. SOCRATES: Kemudian mengenai apa masalah mereka akan Anda memberitahu mereka? 58. ALCIBIADES: tentang perang, Socrates, atau tentang perdamaian, atau tentang keprihatinan apapun negara. 59. SOCRATES: Anda maksud, ketika mereka disengaja dengan siapa yang mereka harus membuat perdamaian dan siapa yang mereka harus pergi ke perang, dan cara bagaimana? 60. ALCIBIADES: Ya. 61. SOCRATES: Dan mereka harus pergi ke perang dengan orang-orang terhadap siapa yang sebenarnya lebih baik untuk pergi berperang? 62. ALCIBIADES: Ya. 63. SOCRATES: Dan ketika itu lebih baik? 64. ALCIBIADES: Tentu saja. 65. SOCRATES: Dan untuk selama waktu lebih baik? 66. ALCIBIADES: Ya. 67. SOCRATES: Tetapi kira Atena disengaja dengan siapa mereka harus menutup di gulat, dan siapa mereka harus memahami oleh tangan, akan Anda, atau master of senam, menjadi seorang penasehat yang lebih baik dari mereka? 68. ALCIBIADES: Jelas, master senam. 69. SOCRATES: Dan bisa Anda ceritakan atas dasar apa master senam akan memutuskan, dengan siapa yang mereka seharusnya atau seharusnya tidak dekat, dan Kapan dan bagaimana? Mengambil contoh: ia tidak akan mengatakan bahwa mereka harus bergulat dengan orang-orang terhadap siapa terbaik untuk bergulat? 70. ALCIBIADES: Ya. 71. SOCRATES: Dan sebanyak seperti yang terbaik? 72. ALCIBIADES: Tentu saja. 73. SOCRATES: Dan pada saat seperti itu sebagai terbaik? 74. ALCIBIADES: Ya. 75. SOCRATES: Lagi; Anda kadang-kadang menemani lyre dengan lagu dan tarian? 76. ALCIBIADES: Ya. 77. SOCRATES: Kapan itu yang baik untuk melakukannya? 78. ALCIBIADES: Ya. 79. SOCRATES: Dan sebanyak sebagai baik? 80. ALCIBIADES: Hanya begitu. 81. SOCRATES: Dan ketika Anda berbicara tentang keunggulan atau seni yang terbaik di gulat, dan keunggulan dalam bermain kecapi, aku berharap Anda akan memberitahu saya apa ini kedua;-keunggulan gulat saya sebut senam, dan saya ingin tahu apa yang Anda sebut yang lain. 82. ALCIBIADES: saya tidak mengerti Anda. 83. SOCRATES: Kemudian mencoba untuk melakukan seperti yang saya lakukan; untuk jawaban yang saya berikan Universal kanan, dan ketika saya mengatakan dengan tepat, maksudku menurut aturan. 84. ALCIBIADES: Ya. 85. SOCRATES: Dan bukan seni yang saya berbicara senam? 86. ALCIBIADES: Tentu saja. 87. SOCRATES: Dan aku menelepon keunggulan dalam gulat senam? 88. ALCIBIADES: Anda lakukan. 89. SOCRATES: Dan aku benar? 90. ALCIBIADES: saya berpikir bahwa Anda tidak. 91. SOCRATES: Nah, sekarang, — untuk Anda harus belajar untuk berdebat Fully — Izinkan saya menanyakan kembali untuk memberitahu saya, pertama, apa itu bahwa seni yang bermain dan bernyanyi, dan melangkah dengan benar dalam tarian, adalah bagian, — apa adalah nama dari seluruh? Saya berpikir bahwa saat ini Anda harus dapat memberitahu. 92. ALCIBIADES: Memang aku tidak bisa. 93. SOCRATES: Kemudian biarkan aku menyatakan hal tersebut dengan cara lain: Apa Apakah Anda memanggil dewi yang patronesses seni? 94. ALCIBIADES: Muses do maksudmu, Socrates? 95. SOCRATES: Ya, saya lakukan; dan apa nama dari seni yang disebut setelah mereka? 96. ALCIBIADES: saya kira bahwa Anda berarti musik. 97. SOCRATES: Ya, itu berarti; dan apa keunggulan seni musik, seperti yang saya katakan benar-benar bahwa keunggulan gulat adalah senam — Apakah keunggulan musik — menjadi apa? 98. ALCIBIADES: Untuk menjadi musik, saya kira. 99. SOCRATES: Sangat baik; dan sekarang silahkan untuk katakan padaku apa keunggulan perang dan damai; sebagai musik lain adalah lebih baik, atau lebih gymnastical lebih baik, katakan padaku, apa nama yang Anda berikan untuk lebih baik dalam perang dan damai? 100. ALCIBIADES: Tapi saya benar-benar tidak bisa memberitahu Anda. 101. SOCRATES: But if you were offering advice to another and said to him—This food is better than that, at this time and in this quantity, and he said to you—What do you mean, Alcibiades, by the word 'better'? you would have no difficulty in replying that you meant 'more wholesome,' although you do not profess to be a physician: and when the subject is one of which you profess to have knowledge, and about which you are ready to get up and advise as if you knew, are you not ashamed, when you are asked, not to be able to answer the question? Is it not disgraceful? 102. ALCIBIADES: Very. 103. SOCRATES: Well, then, consider and try to explain what is the meaning of 'better,' in the matter of making peace and going to war with those against whom you ought to go to war? To what does the word refer? 104. ALCIBIADES: I am thinking, and I cannot tell. 105. SOCRATES: But you surely know what are the charges which we bring against one another, when we arrive at the point of making war, and what name we give them? 106. ALCIBIADES: Yes, certainly; we say that deceit or violence has been employed, or that we have been defrauded. 107. SOCRATES: And how does this happen? Will you tell me how? For there may be a difference in the manner. 108. ALCIBIADES: Do you mean by 'how,' Socrates, whether we suffered these things justly or unjustly? 109. SOCRATES: Exactly. 110. ALCIBIADES: There can be no greater difference than between just and unjust. 111. SOCRATES: And would you advise the Athenians to go to war with the just or with the unjust? 112. ALCIBIADES: That is an awkward question; for certainly, even if a person did intend to go to war with the just, he would not admit that they were just. 113. SOCRATES: He would not go to war, because it would be unlawful? 114. ALCIBIADES: Neither lawful nor honourable. 115. SOCRATES: Then you, too, would address them on principles of justice? 116. ALCIBIADES: Certainly. 117. SOCRATES: What, then, is justice but that better, of which I spoke, in going to war or not going to war with those against whom we ought or ought not, and when we ought or ought not to go to war? 118. ALCIBIADES: Clearly. 119. SOCRATES: But how is this, friend Alcibiades? Have you forgotten that you do not know this, or have you been to the schoolmaster without my knowledge, and has he taught you to discern the just from the unjust? Who is he? I wish you would tell me, that I may go and learn of him—you shall introduce me. 120. ALCIBIADES: You are mocking, Socrates. 121. SOCRATES: No, indeed; I most solemnly declare to you by Zeus, who is the God of our common friendship, and whom I never will forswear, that I am not; tell me, then, who this instructor is, if he exists. 122. ALCIBIADES: But, perhaps, he does not exist; may I not have acquired the knowledge of just and unjust in some other way? 123. SOCRATES: Yes; if you have discovered them. 124. ALCIBIADES: But do you not think that I could discover them? 125. SOCRATES: I am sure that you might, if you enquired about them. 126. ALCIBIADES: And do you not think that I would enquire? 127. SOCRATES: Yes; if you thought that you did not know them. 128. ALCIBIADES: And was there not a time when I did so think? 129. SOCRATES: Very good; and can you tell me how long it is since you thought that you did not know the nature of the just and the unjust? What do you say to a year ago? Were you then in a state of conscious ignorance and enquiry? Or did you think that you knew? And please to answer truly, that our discussion may not be in vain. 130. ALCIBIADES: Well, I thought that I knew. 131. SOCRATES: And two years ago, and three years ago, and four years ago, you knew all the same? 132. ALCIBIADES: I did. 133. SOCRATES: And more than four years ago you were a child—were you not? 134. ALCIBIADES: Yes. 135. SOCRATES: And then I am quite sure that you thought you knew. 136. ALCIBIADES: Why are you so sure? 137. SOCRATES: Because I often heard you when a child, in your teacher's house, or elsewhere, playing at dice or some other game with the boys, not hesitating at all about the nature of the just and unjust; but very confident—crying and shouting that one of the boys was a rogue and a cheat, and had been cheating. Is it not true? 138. ALCIBIADES: But what was I to do, Socrates, when anybody cheated me? 139. SOCRATES: And how can you say, 'What was I to do'? if at the time you did not know whether you were wronged or not? 140. ALCIBIADES: To be sure I knew; I was quite aware that I was being cheated. 141. SOCRATES: Then you suppose yourself even when a child to have known the nature of just and unjust? 142. ALCIBIADES: Certainly; and I did know then. 143. SOCRATES: And when did you discover them—not, surely, at the time when you thought that you knew them? 144. ALCIBIADES: Certainly not. 145. SOCRATES: And when did you think that you were ignorant—if you consider, you will find that there never was such a time? 146. ALCIBIADES: Really, Socrates, I cannot say. 147. SOCRATES: Then you did not learn them by discovering them? 148. ALCIBIADES: Clearly not. 149. SOCRATES: But just before you said that you did not know them by learning; now, if you have neither discovered nor learned them, how and whence do you come to know them? 150. ALCIBIADES: I suppose that I was mistaken in saying that I knew them through my own discovery of them; whereas, in truth, I learned them in the same way that other people learn. 151. SOCRATES: So you said before, and I must again ask, of whom? Do tell me. 152. ALCIBIADES: Of the many. 153. SOCRATES: Do you take refuge in them? I cannot say much for your teachers. 154. ALCIBIADES: Why, are they not able to teach? 155. SOCRATES: They could not teach you how to play at draughts, which you would acknowledge (would you not) to be a much smaller matter than justice? 156. ALCIBIADES: Yes. 157. SOCRATES: And can they teach the better who are unable to teach the worse? 158. ALCIBIADES: I think that they can; at any rate, they can teach many far better things than to play at draughts. 159. SOCRATES: What things? 1
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