studies in marketing and ecology un

studies in marketing and ecology underscore the salience of
how information is presented to ethical consumer groups
(Shaw and Clarke 1999), suggest a tension between eco-label
information and the larger societal context (Pedersen and
Neergaard 2006), and identify the existence of confusing
information about sustainability (Burgess et al. 1995).
10See, respectively, http://www.cdproject.net and http://sedac.ciesin.
columbia.edu/es/epi/ (accessed on 4/26/2009.)
10 MIS Quarterly Vol. 34 No. 1/March 2010
Melville/IS Innovation for Environmental Sustainability
Although they do not incorporate information systems
directly, such studies help to frame the issues that IS
researchers might investigate concerning information about
the environment and its sustainability.
In recent years, design science and computer–human interaction
researchers have explored the connection between how
information is presented and how beliefs about the environment
are formed. One approach is integrated assessment, as
discussed in the previous section (Morgan and Dowlatabadi
1996; Pereira and Martin 1999). For example, researchers
designed and developed an information system to provide
residents with information about local dimensions of climate
change, then conducted focus groups to assess how well the
system improved judgment about anthropogenic climate
change (Schlumpf et al. 2001). Requirements analysis for the
IS included elements of form, functionality, and quality. A
principal result of focus groups was improved understanding
of the risk and uncertainty associated with climate change as
well as enhanced discourse about climate change.
Another emerging area of research lies in the visualization of
environmental information, such as fossil fuel use and the
amount of plastic recycled: “Eco-visualization technology
offers a new way to dynamically visualize invisible environmental
data” (Holmes 2006, p. 2). Other potential researchdeliberately misleading, or failing to fully disclose all information
regarding impacts on the environment. In this regard,
sustainable interaction design includes perspectives on values,
methods, and reasoning about the environmental impact of
designed IS artifacts (Blevis 2007). To what extent does
computer–human interaction in systems development (Zhang
et al. 2005), design thinking (Brown 2008), or an artistic
approach yield the most effective artifact (links 1 and 1')?
There is a lack of knowledge regarding how to design such
systems and design science research could shed light on these
issues (Gregor and Jones 2007; Hevner et al. 2004; March and
Smith 1995; Peffers et al. 2007).
IS and Individual Sustainability Actions
Following is an overview of behavioral and design issues
pertaining to the role of IS in enabling and driving environmental
sustainability actions.
Research Question 6a: How do the distinctive
characteristics of the environmental sustainability
context, such as values and altruism, affect
intention to use and usage of information systems
for environmental sustainability?
IS and Action Formation: There is a large body of IS
scholarship analyzing the antecedents of individual adoption
of information systems. The technology acceptance model
(TAM) has been widely employed (Davis 1989; Davis et al.
1989) and informs understanding of beliefs about the environment
and actions based on those beliefs (Figure 2, link 2).
TAM posits that intention to use and usage are explained by
two factors: (1) perceived qualities of an information system
that make it easy to use, and (2) its perceived usefulness in
improving individual performance. Comprehensive review of
the TAM model, common extensions, and its integration with
the user satisfaction literature yields additional explanatory
factors of information quality and system quality (Wixom and
Todd 2005).
TAM is one of the most widely employed theories in IS
research, due in part to its high predictive power (Devaraj et
al. 2008).12 TAM is rooted in the premise that the motivation
of individuals to use information systems is for individual
11See http://www.dataclimates.com/project_escience/escience_maintext.html
and http://www.makemesustainable.com, respectively (accessed on
4/13/2009). 12See Sharma and Yetton (2009) for a challenge to TAM predictibility.
MIS Quarterly Vol. 34 No. 1/March 2010 11
Melville/IS Innovation for Environmental Sustainability
(typically task-related) purposes—improves individual effectiveness,
enhances ability to get more work done in less time,
improves decision making, etc. Other factors not included in
current TAM models
may play an important role in shaping beliefs about the
environment, whether moderating existing beliefs formed by
organizations or society, or perhaps mediating them. However,
it is unclear how best to design such systems. Complicating
matters are ethical questions that arise concerning the
messages that are being communicated, such as the potential
for green washing, that is, disclosing false information,

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studi dalam pemasaran dan ekologi menggarisbawahi arti-penting daribagaimana informasi tersebut disajikan untuk kelompok-kelompok konsumen etika(Shaw dan Clarke 1999), menunjukkan ketegangan antara eco-labelinformasi dan konteks sosial yang lebih luas (Pedersen danNeergaard 2006), dan mengidentifikasi adanya membingungkaninformasi tentang keberlanjutan (Burgess et al. 1995).10See, masing-masing, http://www.cdproject.net dan http://sedac.ciesin.Columbia.edu/es/Epi/ (diakses 4/26/2009).10 MIS kuartalan Vol. 34 No. 1 Maret 2010Melville adalah inovasi untuk kelestarian lingkunganMeskipun mereka tidak menggabungkan sistem informasisecara langsung, seperti studi bantuan untuk membingkai masalah-masalah yangpeneliti mungkin menyelidiki tentang informasi tentanglingkungan dan kelestariannya.Dalam beberapa tahun terakhir, desain ilmu dan interaksi manusia-komputerPara peneliti telah mengeksplorasi hubungan antara bagaimanainformasi yang disajikan dan bagaimana kepercayaan tentang lingkungandibentuk. Satu pendekatan adalah penilaian yang terintegrasi, sebagaidibahas dalam bagian sebelumnya (Morgan dan Dowlatabaditahun 1996; Pereira dan Martin 1999). Misalnya, penelitidirancang dan dikembangkan sistem informasi untuk memberikanpenduduk dengan informasi tentang lokal dimensi iklimperubahan, maka dilakukan grup fokus untuk menilai seberapa baiksistem meningkat penilaian tentang iklim antropogenikmengubah (Schlumpf et al. 2001). Analisis persyaratan untukADALAH elemen termasuk bentuk, fungsi dan kualitas. Apokok hasil dari kelompok fokus adalah meningkatkan pemahamanresiko dan ketidakpastian yang terkait dengan perubahan iklim sebagaiserta ditingkatkan wacana tentang perubahan iklim.Lain muncul daerah penelitian terletak di visualisasi dariinformasi lingkungan, seperti penggunaan bahan bakar fosil danjumlah plastik daur ulang: "teknologi Eco-visualisasimenawarkan cara baru untuk secara dinamis memvisualisasikan terlihat lingkungandata"(Holmes 2006, ms. 2). Lain potensi researchdeliberately menyesatkan, atau gagal untuk sepenuhnya mengungkapkan semua informasimengenai dampak terhadap lingkungan. Dalam hal ini,Desain berkelanjutan interaksi termasuk perspektif pada nilai-nilai,metode, dan penalaran tentang dampak lingkungandirancang IS artefak (Blevis 2007). Sejauh manainteraksi manusia-komputer dalam pengembangan sistem (Zhanget al. 2005), desain berpikir (Brown 2008), atau artistikpendekatan menghasilkan artefak paling efektif (link 1 dan 1')?Ada kurangnya pengetahuan tentang bagaimana untuk merancang sepertisistem dan desain penelitian ilmu pengetahuan bisa menumpahkan cahaya pada iniisu-isu (Gregor dan Jones 2007; Hevner et al. 2004; Maret danSmith 1995; Peffers et al., 2007).ADALAH dan tindakan individu keberlanjutanBerikut ini adalah ikhtisar dari perilaku dan isu desainberkaitan dengan peran IS memungkinkan dan mengemudi lingkungantindakan keberlanjutan.Penelitian 6a pertanyaan: bagaimana yang khasKarakteristik kelestarian lingkungankonteks, seperti nilai-nilai dan altruisme, mempengaruhiniat untuk menggunakan dan penggunaan sistem informasikelestarian lingkungan?IS dan pembentukan tindakan: ada tubuh besar adalahBeasiswa menganalisis pendahulunya individu adopsisistem informasi. Teknologi penerimaan model(TAM) telah secara luas digunakan (Davis 1989; Davis et al.1989) dan menginformasikan pemahaman tentang keyakinan tentang lingkungandan tindakan berdasarkan keyakinan itu (gambar 2, link 2).TAM berpendapat bahwa niat untuk menggunakan dan penggunaan yang dijelaskan olehdua faktor: (1) dirasakan kualitas sistem informasiyang membuatnya mudah digunakan, dan (2) manfaatnya yang dirasakan dalammeningkatkan kinerja individu. Komprehensif meninjauTAM model, ekstensi umum, dan integrasi denganliteratur kepuasan pengguna menghasilkan tambahan jelasfaktor kualitas informasi dan sistem mutu (Wixom danTodd 2005).TAM adalah salah satu teori-teori yang paling banyak digunakan di ISpenelitian, karena sebagian untuk input daya tinggi (Devaraj etAl. 2008) 12 TAM berakar pada premis bahwa motivasiindividu-individu yang menggunakan sistem informasi adalah untuk individu11See http://www.dataclimates.com/project_escience/escience_maintext.htmldan http://www.makemesustainable.com, masing-masing (diakses4/13/2009). 12See Sharma dan Yetton (2009) untuk sebuah tantangan untuk TAM predictibility.MIS kuartalan Vol. 34 No. 1/Maret 2010 11Melville adalah inovasi untuk kelestarian lingkungan(typically task-related) purposes—improves individual effectiveness,enhances ability to get more work done in less time,improves decision making, etc. Other factors not included incurrent TAM models may play an important role in shaping beliefs about theenvironment, whether moderating existing beliefs formed byorganizations or society, or perhaps mediating them. However,it is unclear how best to design such systems. Complicatingmatters are ethical questions that arise concerning themessages that are being communicated, such as the potentialfor green washing, that is, disclosing false information,