It is important to understand how C

It is important to understand how CA can be viewed as a trait-like construct. Essentially, a trait is “a distinguishing quality or characteristics; it is an individual‟s relatively consistent way of thinking, feeling, and behaving across situations” (Littlejohn and Foss, 2008, 66). Psychologist such as Eysenck and Eysenck (1985, 17) defined traits as „essentially dispositional factors that regularly and persistently determine our conduct in many types of situations‟. Based on the definition, trait-like CA is an enduring characteristic. In other words, people who are found with relatively higher level of CA are likely to retain its level of apprehensiveness across passage of time.
Recent development in CA conceptualization is heavily influenced by a controversial paradigm introduced in communication discipline. Contrary to popular belief that CA is a learned behaviour, communibiological paradigm is introduced in late 20th century by Beatty, McCroskey, and Heisel (1998). It is notable that paradigm is embracing the trait-like conceptualization of CA. In essence, the paradigm refers to a “study of human communication that emphasizes the role of neurobiological systems in the production of behaviour” (Beatty et al., 2009, Beatty et al., 2011). Though it is beyond the limit of present discussion to include a neurobiological perspective of communication apprehension in accounting education, scholars (especially accounting educators) are informed of current research trend to be investigated in near future.
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