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George W. BushThe airborne terrorist attacks on theWorld Trade Center, the Pentagon, andthe thwarted flight against the WhiteHouse or Capitol on September 11, 2001,in which nearly 3,000 Americans werekilled, transformed George W. Bush into awartime president. The attacks put onhold many of Bush’s hopes and plans, andBush’s father, George Bush, the 41stpresident, declared that his son “faced thegreatest challenge of any president sinceAbraham Lincoln.”In response, Bush formed a new cabinet-level Department of Homeland Security,sent American forces into Afghanistan tobreak up the Taliban, a movement underOsama bin Laden that trained financedand exported terrorist teams. The Talibanwas successfully disrupted but Bin Ladenwas not captured and was still on theloose as Bush began his second term.Following the attacks, the president alsorecast the nation’s intelligence gatheringand analysis services, and ordered reformof the military forces to meet the newenemy. At the same time he deliveredmajor tax cuts which had been acampaign pledge. His most controversialact was the invasion of Iraq on the beliefthat Iraqi President Saddam Husseinposed a grave threat to the United States.Saddam was captured, but the disruptionof Iraq and the killing of Americanservicemen and friendly Iraqis byinsurgents became the challenge of Bush’sgovernment as he began his second term.President Bush pledged during his 2005State of the Union Address that the United
States would help the Iraqi people
establish a fully democratic government
because the victory of freedom in Iraq
would strengthen a new ally in the war on
terror, bring hope to a troubled region,
and lift a threat from the lives of future
generations.
Bush was born in New Haven,
Connecticut while his father was
attending Yale University after service in
World War II. The family moved to
Midland, Texas, where the senior Bush
entered the oil exploration business. The
son spent formative years there, attended
Midland public schools, and formed
friendships that stayed with him into the
White House. Bush graduated from Yale,
received a business degree from Harvard,
and then returned to Midland where he
too got into the oil business. In Midland
he met and married Laura Welch, a
teacher and librarian. They had twin
daughters, Jenna and Barbara, now out of
college and pursuing careers.
When George W. Bush, at the age of 54,
became the 43rd president of the United
States, it was only the second time in
American history that a president’s son
went on to the White House. John Quincy
Adams, elected the sixth president in
1824, was the son of John Adams, the
second president. While John Adams had
groomed his son to be president, George
Bush, the 41st president, insisted he was
surprised when the eldest of his six
children became interested in politics,
became governor of Texas, and then went
on to the White House.
During the early part of the 2000
campaign for the White House, Bush
enjoyed a double-digit lead in the polls
over his opponent Vice President Al Gore
Jr. But the gap closed as the election
approached and though Gore finally won
the popular vote by 543,895 votes,
victory or loss of the presidency hinged
on Florida’s electoral votes. That struggle
through recounts and lawsuits worked its
way to the Supreme Court. In the end
Bush won the electoral count 271 to 266.
His new administration was focused on
“compassionate conservatism,” which
embraced excellence in education, tax
relief and volunteerism among faith-based
and community organizations.
Bush was challenged in his re-election bid
in 2004 by Massachusetts Democratic
Senator John Kerry. The election was a
good contest, but Bush’s contention that
the invasion of Iraq had made the world
more secure against terrorism won the
national political debate. Bush was re-
elected with 51 percent to 48 percent.
On the inaugural stand, George W. Bush
set the theme for his second term: “At this
second gathering, our duties are defined
not by the words I use, but by the history
we have seen together. For half a century,
America defended our own freedom by
standing watch on distant borders. After
the shipwreck of communism came years
of relative quiet- and then there came a
day of fire. There is only one force of
history that can break the reign of hatred
and resentment, and expose the
pretensions of tyrants, and reward the
hopes of the decent and tolerant, and
that is the force of human freedom –
tested but not weary… we are ready for
the greatest achievements in the history
of freedom.”
The Presidential biographies on
WhiteHouse.gov are from “The Presidents
of the United States of America,” by Frank
Freidel and Hugh Sidey. Copyright 2006
by the White House Historical Association.
Learn more about George W. Bush 's
spouse, Laura Welch Bush .
Did you know?
In 2002, President George W. Bush’s
State of the Union was the first to be
live broadcast on the Internet. In 2011
and 2012, President Obama’s State of
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