Statistical analysisDifferences bet

Statistical analysis
Differences between before and after supplementation were analyzed using paired t-tests. Differences between groups were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, Mann–Whitney U, Kruskal–Wallis and Chi-square tests, as appropriate. Data were checked for normality by visual inspection of the normal probability curves and with the Shapiro–Wilk test of normality. In the statistical analysis, children in probiotic, zinc and probiotic-zinc groups were compared with children that received placebo for changes in fecal sIgA and serum zinc after 90 days of supplementation. P-values of less than 0.05 were considered significant.

Results
Forty-eight children of median age 17 months (range 12–24 months) were recruited for the study. The median socioeconomic status was categorized as lower middle class. No significant change
in bowel frequency (median daily frequency = 1) or stool consistency was reported during consumption of the probiotic. There was no significant complaint of abdominal pain or bloating or other abdominal symptoms during supplementation. Changes in fecal sIgA levels of the placebo, probiotic, zinc and combination of probiotic and zinc groups in the subjects
after 90 days were 13.58 ± 2.26, 30.33 ± 3.32, 20.5 ± 1.73, and 27.55 ± 2.28 g/g feces, respectively. The changes in fecal sIgA levels in the subjects after 90 days of probiotic L. plantarum IS-10506 supplementation (p = 0.001) and the combination of probiotic L. plantarum IS-10506 and zinc supplementation (p = 0.027) were significantly higher than in the placebo group (Table 1,Fig. 1). Serum zinc concentrations in children of the placebo, probiotic, zinc and combination of probiotic and zinc groups before supplementation were 699.94 ± 164.81, 764.02 ± 157.90, 704.27 ± 152.07, and 662.16 ± 183.13 ng/mL, respectively. Serum zinc concentrations in children after 90 days supplementation were 668.62 ± 94.87, 744.52 ± 128.80, 748.81 ± 170.38, and 739.79 ± 163.14 ng/mL, respectively (Fig. 2). Serum zinc concentrations in children supplemented with the combination of probiotic L. plantarum IS-10506 and zinc after 90 days was significantly higher than before supplementation (p < 0.05). Furthermore, changes in serum zinc concentrations of children supplemented with the combination of probiotic L. plantarum IS-10506 and zinc were significantly higher than the placebo group (p < 0.05)

Hasil (Bahasa Indonesia) 1:

Analisis StatistikPerbedaan antara sebelum dan setelah suplementasi dianalisis menggunakan dipasangkan t-tes. Perbedaan antara kelompok dianalisis oleh ANOVA sekali jalan, U Mann-Whitney, Kruskal – Wallis dan tes Chi-kuadrat, yang sesuai. Data diperiksa untuk normalitas oleh inspeksi visual kurva normal probabilitas dan dengan uji normalitas Shapiro-kandang sapi. Dalam analisis statistik, anak-anak di probiotik, probiotik-Seng Seng dan kelompok-kelompok tersebut dibandingkan dengan anak-anak yang menerima plasebo untuk perubahan dalam tinja sIgA dan serum seng setelah 90 hari suplementasi. P-nilai kurang dari 0.05 dianggap penting.HasilEmpat puluh delapan anak-anak usia rata-rata 17 bulan (mulai 12-24 bulan) direkrut untuk studi. Status sosial ekonomi rata-rata telah dikategorikan sebagai kelas menengah rendah. Tidak ada perubahan signifikandalam usus frekuensi (frekuensi harian rata-rata = 1) atau feces konsistensi dilaporkan selama konsumsi probiotik. Ada tidak ada keluhan yang signifikan sakit perut atau kembung atau gejala lainnya perut selama suplementasi. Perubahan tingkat tinja sIgA plasebo, probiotik, seng, dan kombinasi probiotik dan seng kelompok dalam subyekafter 90 days were 13.58 ± 2.26, 30.33 ± 3.32, 20.5 ± 1.73, and 27.55 ± 2.28 g/g feces, respectively. The changes in fecal sIgA levels in the subjects after 90 days of probiotic L. plantarum IS-10506 supplementation (p = 0.001) and the combination of probiotic L. plantarum IS-10506 and zinc supplementation (p = 0.027) were significantly higher than in the placebo group (Table 1,Fig. 1). Serum zinc concentrations in children of the placebo, probiotic, zinc and combination of probiotic and zinc groups before supplementation were 699.94 ± 164.81, 764.02 ± 157.90, 704.27 ± 152.07, and 662.16 ± 183.13 ng/mL, respectively. Serum zinc concentrations in children after 90 days supplementation were 668.62 ± 94.87, 744.52 ± 128.80, 748.81 ± 170.38, and 739.79 ± 163.14 ng/mL, respectively (Fig. 2). Serum zinc concentrations in children supplemented with the combination of probiotic L. plantarum IS-10506 and zinc after 90 days was significantly higher than before supplementation (p < 0.05). Furthermore, changes in serum zinc concentrations of children supplemented with the combination of probiotic L. plantarum IS-10506 and zinc were significantly higher than the placebo group (p < 0.05)

Hasil (Bahasa Indonesia) 2:

Analisis statistik
Perbedaan antara sebelum dan sesudah suplementasi dianalisis dengan menggunakan paired t-test. Perbedaan antara kelompok dianalisis dengan ANOVA satu arah, Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis dan uji Chi-square, yang sesuai. Data diperiksa normalitas dengan inspeksi visual dari kurva probabilitas normal dan dengan uji Shapiro-Wilk normalitas. Dalam analisis statistik, anak-anak di probiotik, seng dan probiotik-seng kelompok dibandingkan dengan anak-anak yang menerima plasebo selama perubahan tinja sIgA dan serum seng setelah 90 hari suplementasi. P-nilai kurang dari 0,05 dianggap signifikan. Hasil Empat puluh delapan anak dari usia rata-rata 17 bulan (kisaran 12-24 bulan) direkrut untuk penelitian. Status sosial ekonomi median dikategorikan sebagai kelas menengah ke bawah. Tidak ada perubahan signifikan dalam frekuensi buang air besar (frekuensi harian median = 1) atau konsistensi tinja yang dilaporkan selama konsumsi probiotik. Tidak ada keluhan yang signifikan nyeri perut atau kembung atau gejala perut lainnya selama suplementasi. Perubahan tingkat sIgA tinja dari plasebo, probiotik, seng dan kombinasi kelompok probiotik dan seng dalam mata pelajaran setelah 90 hari adalah 13,58 ± 2.26, 30,33 ± 3.32, 20,5 ± 1,73, dan 27,55 ± 2.28 g / g kotoran, masing-masing. Perubahan tingkat sIgA tinja dalam mata pelajaran setelah 90 hari dari probiotik L. plantarum IS-10506 suplemen (p = 0,001) dan kombinasi probiotik L. plantarum IS-10506 dan suplemen zinc (p = 0,027) secara signifikan lebih tinggi daripada di kelompok plasebo (Tabel 1, Gambar. 1). Konsentrasi seng serum pada anak-anak dari plasebo, probiotik, seng dan kombinasi kelompok probiotik dan seng sebelum suplementasi adalah 699,94 ± 164,81, 764,02 ± 157,90, 704,27 ± 152,07, dan 662,16 ± 183,13 ng / mL, masing-masing. Konsentrasi seng serum pada anak-anak setelah suplementasi 90 hari yang 668,62 ± 94,87, 744,52 ± 128,80, 748,81 ± 170,38, dan 739,79 ± 163,14 ng / mL, masing-masing (Gambar. 2). Konsentrasi seng serum pada anak-anak dilengkapi dengan kombinasi probiotik L. plantarum IS-10506 dan seng setelah 90 hari secara signifikan lebih tinggi dari sebelumnya suplementasi (p <0,05). Selanjutnya, perubahan konsentrasi serum seng anak dilengkapi dengan kombinasi probiotik L. plantarum IS-10506 dan seng secara signifikan lebih tinggi daripada kelompok plasebo (p <0,05)