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Kucing menular peritonitis (FIP) adalah penyakit coronaviral yang dapat mempengaruhi kucing dari segala usia, namun paling lazim di antara kucing < 3 tahun usia dan khususnya dari 4 untuk usia 16 bulan. FIP terjadi sering catteries (baik direkrut kucing), tempat penampungan, mendorong penyelamatan kucing dan padat bebas roaming koloni-koloni. Khas dari infeksi enzootic, insiden FIP dapat bervariasi dari waktu ke waktu. Kematian sangat tinggi sekali tanda-tanda klinis muncul, meskipun beberapa kucing dapat hidup dengan penyakit untuk minggu, bulan atau, jarang, bertahun-tahun. Sebuah keterangan FIP klinis dapat ditemukan di sebelumnya ulasan yang komprehensif dan tidak akan dibahas disini.FIP virus (FIPV) arises through specific mutations in a common feline enteric coronavirus (FECV) that is ubiquitous in cats throughout the world and not in itself an important pathogen (Pedersen, 2009). FECV is shed in the feces of most apparently healthy cats in large multi-cat environments (Pedersen et al., 2004) and transmission results from direct ingestion of feces or contaminated litter and other fomites. Kittens usually become infected at around 9 weeks of age (Pedersen et al, 2004 and Pedersen et al, 2008). Mutants of FECV capable of causing FIP are probably generated in large numbers during this initial infection, when levels of FECV replication are extremely high (Pedersen et al, 2008 and Vogel et al, 2010). However, only a small proportion of cats exposed to these mutant viruses will develop FIP. Resistance to FIP is complicated and involves genetic susceptibility, age at the time of exposure and a number of stressors that occur at the same time as infection and have a negative impact on the ability of the infected cat to eliminate the virus. The time period between initial FECV exposure and clinical signs of disease can be as short as 2–3 weeks, as long as several months or, rarely, years. This period could reflect the time it takes for mutant FIPVs to evolve, or for the disease to progress from a subclinical to clinical state. Subclinical infections are usually limited to the mesenteric lymph nodes and can resolve or progress (Pedersen, Black, 1983, Legendre, Bartges, 2009 and Pedersen, 2009). The onset of overt disease is a signal that the cat's battle with the virus has been lost and a return to normal health is extremely uncommon. There are rare occasions when a cat will make an apparent recovery, only to have clinical signs recur months and even years later (Legendre and Bartges, 2009).
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