predetermined and reproducible manner.1-isopropylamino-3-(1-napthyloxy terjemahan - predetermined and reproducible manner.1-isopropylamino-3-(1-napthyloxy Bahasa Indonesia Bagaimana mengatakan

predetermined and reproducible mann

predetermined and reproducible manner.
1-isopropylamino-3-(1-napthyloxy)-2-propanol hydro
chloride or propranolol hydro chloride is nonselective β-
adrenergic blocking agent and it has been used as an
antihypertensive drug and used for treatment of angina
pectoris, and that of many other cardiovascular disorders
[2-6]. Because of its relatively short plasma half-life,
patients are routinely asked to take propranolol
hydrochloride in divided daily doses, once every 6 to 8 h.
Such frequent drug administration may reduce patient
compliance and therapeutic efficacy [7]. Propranolol
hydrochloride controlled release with zero order release
kinetics is needed to improved patient compliance and
therapeutic efficacy.
Few methods published describing approaches for
controlled release formulations of propranolol
hydrochloride. Niranjan Patra et al. developed a bilayer
tablet of propranolol hydrochloride using super
disintegrant sodium starch glycolate for the fast release
layer and water immiscible polymers such as ethyl
cellulose, Eudragit RLPO and Eudragit RSPO for the
sustaining layer which showed dissolution kinetics
followed the Higuchi model via a non-Fickian diffusion
[7]. Sanghavi et al. prepared matrix tablets of propranolol
hydrochloride using hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
(HPMC) which exhibited first order release kinetics [8]
and Pandey et al. and Chaturdevi et al. developed a
floating tablet using HPMC [6,9]. Javadzadeh et al.
developed liquisolid tablets which showed zero order
release kinetics [10]. Velasco-De-Paola et al. described
dissolution kinetics of controlled release tablets
containing propranolol hydrochloride prepared using
eudragit [11]. Mohammadi-Samani et al. described
controlled-release dosage forms of propranolol
hydrochloride using coating of ethyl cellulose [12].
Despande and Ganesh, and Huang et al prepared
orodispersible tablets employing microcrystalline
cellulose [13-14].
Carboxymethyl chitosan is a polymer derived from
chitosan, polyaminosaccharide with many significant
biological (biodegradable, biocompatible, bioactive) and
chemical properties (polycationic, hydrogel, reactive
groups such as OH and NH2). All of these properties
make chitosan and its derivatives widely used in many
biomedical fields. Carboxymethylated chitosan has
received more and more attention because of its good
water solubility, and it is more convenient to be applied
in medicine because it fits the neutral environment of the
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predetermined and reproducible manner.1-isopropylamino-3-(1-napthyloxy)-2-propanol hydrochloride or propranolol hydro chloride is nonselective β-adrenergic blocking agent and it has been used as anantihypertensive drug and used for treatment of anginapectoris, and that of many other cardiovascular disorders[2-6]. Because of its relatively short plasma half-life,patients are routinely asked to take propranololhydrochloride in divided daily doses, once every 6 to 8 h.Such frequent drug administration may reduce patientcompliance and therapeutic efficacy [7]. Propranololhydrochloride controlled release with zero order releasekinetics is needed to improved patient compliance andtherapeutic efficacy.Few methods published describing approaches forcontrolled release formulations of propranololhydrochloride. Niranjan Patra et al. developed a bilayertablet of propranolol hydrochloride using superdisintegrant sodium starch glycolate for the fast releaselayer and water immiscible polymers such as ethylcellulose, Eudragit RLPO and Eudragit RSPO for thesustaining layer which showed dissolution kineticsfollowed the Higuchi model via a non-Fickian diffusion[7]. Sanghavi et al. prepared matrix tablets of propranololhydrochloride using hydroxypropyl methylcellulose(HPMC) which exhibited first order release kinetics [8]and Pandey et al. and Chaturdevi et al. developed afloating tablet using HPMC [6,9]. Javadzadeh et al.developed liquisolid tablets which showed zero orderrelease kinetics [10]. Velasco-De-Paola et al. describeddissolution kinetics of controlled release tabletscontaining propranolol hydrochloride prepared usingeudragit [11]. Mohammadi-Samani et al. describedcontrolled-release dosage forms of propranololhydrochloride using coating of ethyl cellulose [12].Despande and Ganesh, and Huang et al preparedorodispersible tablets employing microcrystallinecellulose [13-14].Carboxymethyl chitosan is a polymer derived fromchitosan, polyaminosaccharide with many significantbiological (biodegradable, biocompatible, bioactive) andchemical properties (polycationic, hydrogel, reactivegroups such as OH and NH2). All of these propertiesmake chitosan and its derivatives widely used in manybiomedical fields. Carboxymethylated chitosan hasreceived more and more attention because of its goodwater solubility, and it is more convenient to be appliedin medicine because it fits the neutral environment of the
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yang telah ditentukan dan cara direproduksi.
1-isopropylamino-3- (1-napthyloxy) -2-propanol hidro
klorida atau propranolol hidroklorida adalah nonselektif β-
adrenergik blocking agen dan telah digunakan sebagai
antihipertensi dan digunakan untuk pengobatan angina
pectoris, dan bahwa banyak gangguan kardiovaskular lainnya
[06/02]. Karena plasma relatif singkat paruhnya,
pasien secara rutin diminta untuk mengambil propranolol
hidroklorida dalam dosis harian dibagi, sekali setiap 6 sampai 8 jam.
Pemberian obat tersebut sering dapat mengurangi pasien
kepatuhan dan kemanjuran terapi [7]. Propranolol
hidroklorida dikendalikan rilis dengan rilis orde nol
kinetika diperlukan untuk meningkatkan kepatuhan pasien dan
keberhasilan terapi.
Beberapa metode yang diterbitkan menggambarkan pendekatan untuk
formulasi pelepasan terkontrol dari propranolol
hidroklorida. Niranjan Patra et al. mengembangkan bilayer
tablet propranolol hidroklorida menggunakan Super
disintegrant natrium pati glikolat untuk rilis cepat
lapisan dan air polimer bercampur seperti etil
selulosa, Eudragit RLPO dan Eudragit RSPO untuk
lapisan pendukungan yang menunjukkan kinetika disolusi
mengikuti model Higuchi melalui difusi non-Fickian
[7]. Sanghavi et al. siap tablet matriks propranolol
hidroklorida menggunakan hidroksipropil metilselulosa
(HPMC) yang dipamerkan kinetika rangka rilis pertama [8]
dan Pandey et al. dan Chaturdevi et al. mengembangkan
tablet mengambang menggunakan HPMC [6,9]. Javadzadeh et al.
Mengembangkan tablet liquisolid yang menunjukkan nol rangka
rilis kinetika [10]. Velasco-De-Paola et al. dijelaskan
kinetika disolusi tablet rilis dikendalikan
mengandung propranolol hidroklorida disusun dengan menggunakan
Eudragit [11]. Mohammadi-Samani et al. dijelaskan
bentuk sediaan dikendalikan-release dari propranolol
hidroklorida menggunakan lapisan etil selulosa [12].
Despande dan Ganesh, dan Huang et al disiapkan
tablet orodispersible mempekerjakan mikrokristalin
selulosa [13-14].
karboksimetil kitosan merupakan polimer yang berasal dari
kitosan, polyaminosaccharide dengan banyak signifikan
biologis (biodegradable, biokompatibel, bioaktif) dan
kimia sifat (polikationik, hidrogel, reaktif
kelompok-kelompok seperti OH dan NH2). Semua sifat ini
membuat kitosan dan turunannya banyak digunakan di berbagai
bidang biomedis. Carboxymethylated chitosan telah
menerima perhatian lebih dan lebih karena yang baik
kelarutan air, dan akan lebih mudah untuk diterapkan
dalam pengobatan karena sesuai dengan lingkungan yang netral dari
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