Background to the studyIn 2005 and

Background to the study
In 2005 and 2006 the Institute of Child Protection Studies at the Australian Catholic University in Canberra was funded to explore children’s experiences of homelessness by the Australian Capital Territory’s Department of Disability, Housing and Community Services.1 The key research question was, What do service systems need to know about how children perceive and experience homelessness in order to achieve better outcomes for homeless families? The service systems we were thinking about included supported housing services (e.g., refuges), statutory care and protection, schools, and other services that have contact with children and their families. One outcome of involving children and young people in the study was to influence directly and change policy and practice for families who are experiencing or have experienced homelessness. We were of the view that although homelessness has been examined and explored from adult perspectives (including parents reporting on what had happened to their children (e.g., see Kolar, 2004), the experience of a child (being homeless), vividly described, cannot be as easily
dismissed or ignored as academic research so often is (Roberts, 1999). The research, which was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee at the Australian Catholic University, aimed to explore and understand the unique perspectives of children who had accompanied their parents during periods of homelessness in as comprehensive and appropriate way as possible. It was carried out between March 2006 and February 2007. To develop this understanding, we took a qualitative approach to the research project that focused on how individuals and groups view and understand the world and construct meaning out of their experiences. With its emphasis on understanding complex, interrelated, and/or changing
phenomena qualitative research seeks to gain deeper knowledge of lived experiences. We set out to explore the full multidimensional, dynamic picture of the subject of study, in this case homelessness (see Denzin & Lincoln, 2000; Liamputtong & Ezzy, 2005). To maximize children’s engagement and to elicit their views, a children’s reference group (discussed below) was convened to provide advice and direction to the project; we carried out semistructured interviews (using a wide range of tools), art activities (Figures 1 and 2), and group discussions at an activity day. To help us understand the broader context and to triangulate findings, parents and key stakeholders were also interviewed about how children experienced and were affected by family homelessness. Children’s views and artwork were analyzed and formed the basis of the final report (see Moore, McArthur, & Noble-Carr, 2007). A close examination of the data, particularly the interview transcripts, allowed common themes to emerge. Employing some of the methods of grounded theory allowed concepts, themes, and categories to emerge from the data rather than either being imposed or overlooked in the analysis (Darlington & Scott, 2002; Minichiello, Aron, Timewel, & Alexander, 2000; Strauss & Corbin, 1998). To increase the validity of the conclusions, wherever possible (unless otherwise stated) the children and young people discussed the themes and
conclusions. Previous research and other data (interviews with adults) when available and appropriate were also used to support the conclusions reached (Strauss & Corbin, 1998). Eighteen children aged between 6 and 14 years and 7 young people aged between 15 and 21 years participated in the study. Of these, 8 identified as being Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander; 14 were male and 11 were female. All participants had accompanied their parent during a period of homelessness in the past.

Hasil (Bahasa Indonesia) 1:

Background to the studyIn 2005 and 2006 the Institute of Child Protection Studies at the Australian Catholic University in Canberra was funded to explore children’s experiences of homelessness by the Australian Capital Territory’s Department of Disability, Housing and Community Services.1 The key research question was, What do service systems need to know about how children perceive and experience homelessness in order to achieve better outcomes for homeless families? The service systems we were thinking about included supported housing services (e.g., refuges), statutory care and protection, schools, and other services that have contact with children and their families. One outcome of involving children and young people in the study was to influence directly and change policy and practice for families who are experiencing or have experienced homelessness. We were of the view that although homelessness has been examined and explored from adult perspectives (including parents reporting on what had happened to their children (e.g., see Kolar, 2004), the experience of a child (being homeless), vividly described, cannot be as easilypenelitian akademis yang diberhentikan atau diabaikan sebagai begitu sering adalah (Roberts, 1999). Penelitian, yang telah disetujui oleh Komite etika penelitian manusia di Australian Catholic University, bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi dan memahami perspektif yang unik dari anak-anak yang menemani orang tua mereka selama periode tunawisma di sebagai cara yang komprehensif dan tepat mungkin. Hal ini dilaksanakan antara Maret 2006 dan Februari 2007. Untuk mengembangkan pemahaman ini, kami mengambil pendekatan kualitatif untuk proyek penelitian yang berfokus pada bagaimana individu dan kelompok Lihat dan memahami dunia dan membangun makna dari pengalaman mereka. Dengan penekanan pada pemahaman yang kompleks, saling berhubungan, dan perubahan phenomena qualitative research seeks to gain deeper knowledge of lived experiences. We set out to explore the full multidimensional, dynamic picture of the subject of study, in this case homelessness (see Denzin & Lincoln, 2000; Liamputtong & Ezzy, 2005). To maximize children’s engagement and to elicit their views, a children’s reference group (discussed below) was convened to provide advice and direction to the project; we carried out semistructured interviews (using a wide range of tools), art activities (Figures 1 and 2), and group discussions at an activity day. To help us understand the broader context and to triangulate findings, parents and key stakeholders were also interviewed about how children experienced and were affected by family homelessness. Children’s views and artwork were analyzed and formed the basis of the final report (see Moore, McArthur, & Noble-Carr, 2007). A close examination of the data, particularly the interview transcripts, allowed common themes to emerge. Employing some of the methods of grounded theory allowed concepts, themes, and categories to emerge from the data rather than either being imposed or overlooked in the analysis (Darlington & Scott, 2002; Minichiello, Aron, Timewel, & Alexander, 2000; Strauss & Corbin, 1998). To increase the validity of the conclusions, wherever possible (unless otherwise stated) the children and young people discussed the themes andconclusions. Previous research and other data (interviews with adults) when available and appropriate were also used to support the conclusions reached (Strauss & Corbin, 1998). Eighteen children aged between 6 and 14 years and 7 young people aged between 15 and 21 years participated in the study. Of these, 8 identified as being Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander; 14 were male and 11 were female. All participants had accompanied their parent during a period of homelessness in the past.

Hasil (Bahasa Indonesia) 2:

Latar belakang studi
tahun 2005 dan 2006 Institut Studi Perlindungan Anak di Australian Catholic University di Canberra didanai untuk mengeksplorasi pengalaman anak-anak tunawisma oleh Departemen Capital Territory Australia Cacat, Perumahan dan Komunitas Services.1 Pertanyaan penelitian utama adalah, Apa sistem pelayanan perlu tahu tentang bagaimana anak-anak memandang dan pengalaman tunawisma untuk mencapai hasil yang lebih baik bagi keluarga tunawisma? Sistem layanan kami berpikir tentang termasuk layanan didukung perumahan (misalnya, perlindungan), perawatan dan perlindungan hukum, sekolah, dan layanan lain yang memiliki kontak dengan anak-anak dan keluarga mereka. Salah satu hasil dari yang melibatkan anak-anak dan orang muda dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mempengaruhi secara langsung dan mengubah kebijakan dan praktek untuk keluarga yang mengalami atau pernah mengalami tunawisma. Kami dari pandangan bahwa meskipun tunawisma telah diperiksa dan dieksplorasi dari perspektif orang dewasa (termasuk orang tua melaporkan apa yang terjadi pada anak-anak mereka (misalnya, lihat Kolar, 2004), pengalaman anak (menjadi tunawisma), jelas digambarkan, tidak bisa akan dengan mudah
diberhentikan atau diabaikan sebagai penelitian akademik sehingga sering (Roberts, 1999). Penelitian, yang telah disetujui oleh Komite Etika Penelitian Manusia di Australian Catholic University, bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi dan memahami perspektif yang unik dari anak-anak yang menemani mereka orang tua selama periode tunawisma dengan cara komprehensif dan tepat mungkin. Hal ini dilakukan antara Maret 2006 dan Februari 2007. Untuk mengembangkan pemahaman ini, kami mengambil pendekatan kualitatif untuk proyek penelitian yang berfokus pada bagaimana individu dan kelompok melihat dan memahami dunia dan membangun makna dari pengalaman mereka. Dengan penekanan pada pemahaman yang kompleks, saling terkait, dan / atau mengubah
fenomena penelitian kualitatif berusaha untuk mendapatkan pengetahuan yang lebih dalam pengalaman hidup. Kami berangkat untuk menjelajahi multidimensi, gambar dinamis penuh dari subjek penelitian, dalam hal ini tunawisma (lihat Denzin & Lincoln, 2000; Liamputtong & Ezzy, 2005). Untuk memaksimalkan keterlibatan anak-anak dan untuk memperoleh pandangan mereka, kelompok referensi anak-anak (dibahas di bawah) diselenggarakan untuk memberikan saran dan arahan untuk proyek; kami melakukan wawancara semi terstruktur (menggunakan berbagai macam alat), kegiatan seni (Gambar 1 dan 2), dan diskusi kelompok pada hari kegiatan. Untuk membantu kita memahami konteks yang lebih luas dan untuk melakukan pelacakan temuan, orang tua dan stakeholder kunci juga diwawancarai tentang bagaimana anak-anak mengalami dan dipengaruhi oleh tunawisma keluarga. Pandangan anak-anak dan karya seni dianalisis dan membentuk dasar dari laporan akhir (lihat Moore, McArthur, & Noble-Carr, 2007). Pemeriksaan dekat data, khususnya transkrip wawancara, diperbolehkan tema umum muncul. Mempekerjakan beberapa metode grounded theory memungkinkan konsep, tema, dan kategori yang muncul dari data daripada baik yang dikenakan atau diabaikan dalam analisis (Darlington & Scott, 2002; Minichiello, Aron, Timewel, & Alexander, 2000; Strauss & Corbin, 1998). Untuk meningkatkan validitas kesimpulan, sedapat mungkin (kecuali dinyatakan lain) anak-anak dan remaja membahas tema dan
kesimpulan. Penelitian sebelumnya dan data lainnya (wawancara dengan orang dewasa) bila tersedia dan sesuai juga digunakan untuk mendukung kesimpulan yang dicapai (Strauss & Corbin, 1998). Delapan belas anak-anak berusia antara 6 dan 14 tahun dan 7 orang muda berusia antara 15 dan 21 tahun berpartisipasi dalam studi. Dari jumlah tersebut, 8 diidentifikasi sebagai Aborigin atau Selat Torres Islander; 14 adalah laki-laki dan 11 adalah perempuan. Semua peserta telah menemani orang tua mereka selama periode tunawisma di masa lalu.