Research Questions IdentifiedGiven the positive association establishe terjemahan - Research Questions IdentifiedGiven the positive association establishe Bahasa Indonesia Bagaimana mengatakan

Research Questions IdentifiedGiven

Research Questions Identified
Given the positive association established between market orientation and the performance of both large and small firms (Slater and Narver 1994; Jaworski and Kohli 1993, Pelham 1997; Appiah-Adu 1997; Narver and Slater 1990), it is hypothesized that, H 1: Firm performance is positively related to the market orientation of the firm.

Kohli and Jaworski (1990) suggest that a market oriented firm is one in which all departments and individuals work toward the common goal of satisfying customers. This notion of a common goal is akin to the teamwork construct identified by Zeithaml et al. (1996) in the services marketing context. Another premise for the notion that a market orientation is positively related to esprit de corps, is the notion of culture. It is argued that a strong culture can provide cohesiveness and focus in plans and activities (Deshpande and Webster 1989). Previous research (Horng and Chen1998; Jaworski and Kohli 1993) resulted in findings of a positive relationship between market orientation and esprit de corps, therefore it is hypothesized that, H 2: The esprit de corps of the organization is positively related to market orientation.

Many studies have now been conducted in different industrial settings on either small or large firms, but none has yet examined for size related differences in market orientation drawn from firms in the same sample. There are reasons for considering the differences that might present in a comparison between small and larger firms. Small businesses may differ from larger businesses in several key aspects, many of which relate to marketing practices, employee job satisfaction and performance. Employees of small businesses are likely to be more satisfied with their job than those in larger firms (Storey 1994, p.186-189).
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Research Questions IdentifiedGiven the positive association established between market orientation and the performance of both large and small firms (Slater and Narver 1994; Jaworski and Kohli 1993, Pelham 1997; Appiah-Adu 1997; Narver and Slater 1990), it is hypothesized that, H 1: Firm performance is positively related to the market orientation of the firm. Kohli and Jaworski (1990) suggest that a market oriented firm is one in which all departments and individuals work toward the common goal of satisfying customers. This notion of a common goal is akin to the teamwork construct identified by Zeithaml et al. (1996) in the services marketing context. Another premise for the notion that a market orientation is positively related to esprit de corps, is the notion of culture. It is argued that a strong culture can provide cohesiveness and focus in plans and activities (Deshpande and Webster 1989). Previous research (Horng and Chen1998; Jaworski and Kohli 1993) resulted in findings of a positive relationship between market orientation and esprit de corps, therefore it is hypothesized that, H 2: The esprit de corps of the organization is positively related to market orientation.Many studies have now been conducted in different industrial settings on either small or large firms, but none has yet examined for size related differences in market orientation drawn from firms in the same sample. There are reasons for considering the differences that might present in a comparison between small and larger firms. Small businesses may differ from larger businesses in several key aspects, many of which relate to marketing practices, employee job satisfaction and performance. Employees of small businesses are likely to be more satisfied with their job than those in larger firms (Storey 1994, p.186-189).
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Pertanyaan penelitian Diidentifikasi
Mengingat hubungan positif didirikan antara orientasi pasar dan kinerja kedua perusahaan besar dan kecil (Slater dan Narver 1994; Jaworski dan Kohli 1993, Pelham 1997; Appiah-Adu 1997; Narver dan Slater 1990), hipotesis bahwa, H 1:. kinerja Badan berhubungan positif dengan orientasi pasar perusahaan Kohli dan Jaworski (1990) menunjukkan bahwa perusahaan yang berorientasi pasar adalah satu di mana semua departemen dan individu bekerja menuju tujuan bersama memuaskan pelanggan. Gagasan ini dari tujuan umum adalah mirip dengan membangun kerja sama tim diidentifikasi oleh Zeithaml et al. (1996) dalam konteks pemasaran jasa. Premis lain untuk gagasan bahwa orientasi pasar secara positif berhubungan dengan esprit de corps, adalah gagasan tentang budaya. Dikatakan bahwa budaya yang kuat dapat memberikan kekompakan dan fokus dalam rencana dan kegiatan (Deshpande dan Webster 1989). Penelitian sebelumnya (Horng dan Chen1998; Jaworski dan Kohli 1993) menghasilkan temuan hubungan positif antara orientasi pasar dan esprit de corps, oleh karena itu hipotesis bahwa, H 2: The esprit de corps organisasi berhubungan positif dengan orientasi pasar. banyak penelitian kini telah dilakukan dalam pengaturan industri yang berbeda pada perusahaan baik kecil atau besar, tapi belum satupun telah diperiksa untuk ukuran terkait perbedaan orientasi pasar yang diambil dari perusahaan-perusahaan dalam sampel yang sama. Ada alasan untuk mempertimbangkan perbedaan yang mungkin hadir dalam perbandingan antara perusahaan kecil dan besar. Usaha kecil mungkin berbeda dari bisnis yang lebih besar dalam beberapa aspek kunci, banyak yang berhubungan dengan praktik pemasaran, kepuasan kerja karyawan dan kinerja. Karyawan usaha kecil cenderung lebih puas dengan pekerjaan mereka dibandingkan dengan perusahaan besar (Storey 1994, p.186-189).



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