Stage IV: DisseminateInstructional

Stage IV: Disseminate
Instructional materials reach their final produc-tion stage when developmental testing yields con-sistent results and expert appraisal yields positivecomments. The three steps in this stage are t hownin Figure 1.5.Before disseminating the materials, a summativeevaluation is undertaken. In its validation testingphase, the material is used under replicable condi-tions to demonstrate "who learns what under whatconditions in how much time" (Markle, 1967). Thematerial is also subjected to professional examina-tion for objective opinions on its adequacy andrelevance.The terminal stages of final packaging, diffusion,and adoption are most important although mostfrequently overlooked. A producer and a distributormust be selected and worked with cooperatively topackage the material in an acceptable form. Specialefforts are required to distribute the materials widelyamong trainers and trainees, and to encourage theadoption and utilization of the materials.

Hasil (Bahasa Indonesia) 2:

Tahap IV: Menyebarluaskan
bahan instruksional mencapai tahap akhir produksi-tion mereka ketika hasil pengujian perkembangan hasil con-sisten dan penilaian ahli menghasilkan positivecomments. Tiga langkah dalam tahap ini adalah t hownin Gambar 1.5.Before menyebarluaskan bahan, summativeevaluation sebuah dilakukan. Dalam testingphase validasi, bahan yang digunakan di bawah Condi-tions ditiru untuk menunjukkan "yang belajar apa di bawah whatconditions di berapa banyak waktu" (Markle, 1967). Thematerial juga mengalami profesional examina-tion pendapat obyektif tentang kecukupan andrelevance.The tahap terminal kemasan akhir, difusi, dan adopsi yang paling penting meskipun mostfrequently diabaikan. Seorang produser dan distributormust yang dipilih dan bekerja dengan kooperatif topackage materi dalam bentuk yang dapat diterima. Specialefforts diperlukan untuk mendistribusikan bahan widelyamong pelatih dan peserta pelatihan, dan untuk mendorong theadoption dan pemanfaatan bahan.