Earthquakesthe most deadly natural

Earthquakes
the most deadly natural hazards

Earthquakes. Being the most deadly natural hazards. Strike without any prior warning, leaving catastrophe in their wake with terrible loss of human lives as well as economic loss.

Technically, an earthquakes (also known as tremor, quake or temblor) is a kind of vibration through earth's crust. These powerful movements trigger a rapid release of energy that creates seismic waves that travel through the earth. Earthquakes are usually brief, but may repeat over a long period of time(earth science 2001).

Earthquakes are classified as large and small. Large earthquakes usually begin with slight tremors but rapidly take form of violent shock. The vibrations from a large earthquake last for few days known as aftershocks. Small earthquakes are usually slight tremors and do not cause much damage. Large earthquakes are known to take down buildings and cause death and injury (richter 1935). According to some statictics, there may be an average of 500,000 earthquakes every year but only about 100,000 can be felt and about 100 or so can cause damage each year.
the study of earthquake is called seismology. seismology studies the frequency, type and size of earthquakes. earthquakes are measured using obsevations by seismometers. the magnitude of an earthquake and its intensity is recorded on a numerical scale known as Richter scale. on this scale, 6.5 can cause heavy damage. (Earth Science. 2001)
the effects of an earthquake are strongest in the area which is near its epicenter. the extent of the earthquake vibration and further damage to the region is partly dependent on the features of the ground. the worst possible damage occurs in the densely populated areas where structures are not built to withstand intense shaking. damage and loss of life incurred during earthwuake is due to falling buildings and flying glass adn objects. in certain areas, an earthwuake can cause mudslides that can bury areas under it. powerful submarine earthquake cause tsunami or a chain of fast moving waves in the ocean that ripple outward from earthquake epicenter towards coastal areas causing surmountable damage. on a average, 1,000 earthquakes with intensities of 5.0 or greater than recorded each year
as indonesia is situated in the "Ring of Fire", it is not more prone to earthquakes. according to United States geological survey (USGS, earthquake hazards program), till now Indonesia has witnessed five great earthquakes with the magnitude ranging from 8.5 to 9.1. these earthquake cause major destruction in the places they occurred. one of the major earthquakes that hit Indonesia was "2004 Indian Ocean tsunami). it was the deadliest natural disaster in the area. its magnitude was 9.1-9.3. heavy loss of human lives was witnessed and damage was felt as far as east coast of Africa (http://www.USGS.Org)
earthquakaes have been a source of terror to people since ancient times, but only for the last few hundred years serious attempts have been made to understand them. many methods have been developed to predict earthquakes despite all the research efforts by seismologists. the prediction cannot be made to a spesific day or month. in future perhaps scientists will be able to predict earthquakes exactly but for now science has yet to provide answers.

Hasil (Bahasa Indonesia) 1:

Gempa bumiKebanyakan bahaya mematikan alamiGempa bumi. Yang paling bahaya mematikan alami. Menyerang tanpa peringatan sebelumnya, meninggalkan bencana di belakang mereka dengan kerugian yang mengerikan dari kehidupan manusia serta kerugian ekonomi.Secara teknis, gempa bumi (juga dikenal sebagai tremor, gempa atau gempa) adalah semacam getaran melalui kerak bumi. Gerakan-gerakan ini kuat memicu pelepasan cepat dari energi yang menciptakan gelombang seismik yang perjalanan melalui bumi. Gempa bumi biasanya singkat, tetapi mungkin mengulangi selama jangka panjang waktu (ilmu bumi 2001).Gempa bumi diklasifikasikan sebagai besar dan kecil. Gempa bumi besar biasanya mulai dengan getaran sedikit tapi dengan cepat mengambil bentuk kekerasan shock. Getaran dari gempa besar yang berlangsung selama beberapa hari, dikenal sebagai gempa susulan. Gempa bumi kecil yang biasanya sedikit getaran dan tidak menyebabkan banyak kerusakan. Gempa bumi besar dikenal untuk mencatat bangunan dan menyebabkan kematian dan cedera (richter 1935). Menurut beberapa statictics, mungkin ada rata-rata 500.000 gempa bumi setiap tahun tetapi hanya sekitar 100.000 dapat dirasakan dan sekitar 100 atau begitu dapat menyebabkan kerusakan setiap tahun.studi tentang gempa bumi disebut seismologi. seismologi studi frekuensi, jenis dan ukuran gempa bumi. gempa bumi diukur menggunakan obsevations oleh seismometers. besarnya gempa bumi dan intensitas yang dicatatkan pada skala numerik yang dikenal sebagai skala Richter. pada skala ini, 6.5 dapat menyebabkan kerusakan berat. (Ilmu bumi. 2001)efek dari gempa bumi terkuat di daerah yang dekat dengan pusat gempa. sejauh mana getaran gempa bumi dan kerusakan lebih lanjut ke wilayah sebagian bergantung pada fitur tanah. kemungkinan kerusakan terburuk terjadi di wilayah padat yang mana struktur tidak dibangun untuk menahan gemetar intens. kerusakan dan kerugian kehidupan yang dikeluarkan selama earthwuake adalah karena jatuh bangunan dan terbang kaca dan benda-benda. di area tertentu, earthwuake dapat menyebabkan tanah longsor yang dapat mengubur daerah-daerah di bawah ini. gempa bawah laut yang kuat menyebabkan tsunami atau rantai gelombang bergerak cepat di Samudera yang riak ke luar dari Episentrum gempa menuju daerah pesisir yang menyebabkan kerusakan surmountable. rata-rata, 1.000 gempa dengan intensitas 5.0 atau lebih besar daripada mencatat setiap tahunseperti indonesia terletak di "lingkaran api", hal ini tidak lebih rentan terhadap gempa bumi. Menurut Survei Geologi Amerika (USGS, bahaya gempa program), sampai sekarang Indonesia telah menyaksikan lima gempa besar dengan magnitudo berkisar 8.5 9.1. gempa ini menyebabkan kerusakan besar di tempat-tempat yang mereka terjadi. salah satu gempa-bumi besar yang melanda Indonesia adalah "tsunami Samudra Hindia 2004). itu adalah bencana alam yang paling mematikan di daerah. besarannya adalah 9.1-9.3. disaksikan berat hilangnya kehidupan manusia dan kerusakan terasa sampai pantai timur Afrika (di http://www.USGS.Org)earthquakaes have been a source of terror to people since ancient times, but only for the last few hundred years serious attempts have been made to understand them. many methods have been developed to predict earthquakes despite all the research efforts by seismologists. the prediction cannot be made to a spesific day or month. in future perhaps scientists will be able to predict earthquakes exactly but for now science has yet to provide answers.