1. Social confusion.Korea was liberated by the triumph of the allied p terjemahan - 1. Social confusion.Korea was liberated by the triumph of the allied p Bahasa Indonesia Bagaimana mengatakan

1. Social confusion.Korea was liber

1. Social confusion.
Korea was liberated by the triumph of the allied powers over the Axis countries, and was promised independence by the declarations made at Cairo and Potsdam. However, prior to achieving independence, Korean society was extremely disorganized.
The reason for this disorganization was, first after the japanese defeat, no proper administration for maintaining social order was prepared. Korean self-government was organized in attempt tentatively to maintain social order but it turned out there were unable to accomplish it effectively.
The second reason for the disorganization was that the war-time structure of Korea was suddenly changed into a free open-door system. It’s not suprising then that Korea, which shifted so drastically from a goverment of strict control to one with virtually no control, fell into chaos.
The third reason for the disorganization may be attributed to the division of Korea.
The fourth reason for the disoranization was that the american army of occupation did not have a distinc policy for Korea. They believed in the idea of democracy and adopted as their supreme principle that all decisions be made by inhabitants themselves.
The fifth reason for the disorganization was that during the colonial period, most social instuitions were occupied by Japanese who wouldn’t permit self-governing activities on the part of Koreans.

In 1948, South Korea because independence as a liberal democratic nation under the leadership of Syngan Rhee. He took strong action to destroy the communist party in South Korea.
Social disorder in South Korea peaked by the outbreak of the Korean War. Houses were destroyed, many men died or were separated from their families and people eked out a precatious living under the same communist system. When the red chinese army intervened and the UN forces rethreated to the south of the han river. Most of seould’s inhabitants fled to Bsan, Daegu and other southern places.
Also because the salary of those who worked in pblic instutions was very low, corruption was commonplace.

2. Dynamic of social structure.
Generally, korean economists seem to be critical of the land reform of south korea, but from a sociological point of view, the fact that most farmers were able to own their own land had very positive effects, eventhough the average hollding size per farmer was not more than Jongbo.
In spite of many defects, the land reform made it difficult for communits guerrillas to take root in south korea. After world wa II, there were many guerrillas in the rural areas of asian countries and that included south Korea.
3. Family and social organization
In discussing the modernization of Korea, social organization is one of the important subjects. Korean society has all of the important modern functional organizations but these are not necessarily organized or managed rationally or efficiently.
Although publci institutions in Korea are not significantly different from those of the modern western nations when it coes to their principles of organization, the persons who work in them are, in general, more acutely status-oriented than their western counterparts.
Also the gap between the ideals of intitutions and their actual functioning makes it difficult to execute laws and procedures properly.
When we look at social organizations with regard to the modernization of Korean society, the influence of family shouldn’t be excluded from our discussion since it affects social development strongly.
It is 1 – source of population growth, 2- the context of important economic activities. 3- rhe means of transitting basic social values through the socialization process.
Koreans have traditionally respected filial piety, ancestor worship, and the preservation of family honor. For centuries the first duty of a married woman was to (1) respect her parents-in-law and (2) to bear many children, especially sons in order to continue the family line.
In 1910 korean population was 13 million but by 1935 it had increased to 21 million. By 1960 the population of south korea alone had reached about 30 milllion.
But the traditional family could not help but suffer change under the impact of modernization. Changes in the family began during the late Yi-Dynasty with the abolitin of status system and the GAB-O reform which peritted widows to remarry.
Changes continued to take place during the Japanese domination, which western family morals were introduced, and school attendance and employment for wmen were made possible. In the late of Japanese period, women were needed for wartime labour requirements so the role of women became more important.
The korean family was modernized even more rapidly after the liberation. The first reason for this is that the economic base of the traditional patriarchal system was eroded by the land reform. This directly weakened the traditional patriarchy.
The second reason for change in the family structur may be attributed to the various democratic institution introduced in Korea.
The third reason may be found in the social disorder that pervailed after the liberation and during the Korean War. Because of communist control in north korea, many persons took refuge in south korea. At that time there were many cases in which men escaped secretly alone while their wives took charge of home affairs and children’s care.during korean war, there were also many cases where women managed home aggairs alone, hiding their husbands and sons.
The fourth reason is that there occired various social changes which expanded the role of the housewife, allowing her to participate more widely in society.
The fifth reason is that modern western values, which were introduced through mass media, changed many of the old ideas about the family.
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1. Social confusion.
Korea was liberated by the triumph of the allied powers over the Axis countries, and was promised independence by the declarations made at Cairo and Potsdam. However, prior to achieving independence, Korean society was extremely disorganized.
The reason for this disorganization was, first after the japanese defeat, no proper administration for maintaining social order was prepared. Korean self-government was organized in attempt tentatively to maintain social order but it turned out there were unable to accomplish it effectively.
The second reason for the disorganization was that the war-time structure of Korea was suddenly changed into a free open-door system. It’s not suprising then that Korea, which shifted so drastically from a goverment of strict control to one with virtually no control, fell into chaos.
The third reason for the disorganization may be attributed to the division of Korea.
The fourth reason for the disoranization was that the american army of occupation did not have a distinc policy for Korea. They believed in the idea of democracy and adopted as their supreme principle that all decisions be made by inhabitants themselves.
The fifth reason for the disorganization was that during the colonial period, most social instuitions were occupied by Japanese who wouldn’t permit self-governing activities on the part of Koreans.

In 1948, South Korea because independence as a liberal democratic nation under the leadership of Syngan Rhee. He took strong action to destroy the communist party in South Korea.
Social disorder in South Korea peaked by the outbreak of the Korean War. Houses were destroyed, many men died or were separated from their families and people eked out a precatious living under the same communist system. When the red chinese army intervened and the UN forces rethreated to the south of the han river. Most of seould’s inhabitants fled to Bsan, Daegu and other southern places.
Also because the salary of those who worked in pblic instutions was very low, corruption was commonplace.

2. Dynamic of social structure.
Generally, korean economists seem to be critical of the land reform of south korea, but from a sociological point of view, the fact that most farmers were able to own their own land had very positive effects, eventhough the average hollding size per farmer was not more than Jongbo.
In spite of many defects, the land reform made it difficult for communits guerrillas to take root in south korea. After world wa II, there were many guerrillas in the rural areas of asian countries and that included south Korea.
3. Family and social organization
In discussing the modernization of Korea, social organization is one of the important subjects. Korean society has all of the important modern functional organizations but these are not necessarily organized or managed rationally or efficiently.
Although publci institutions in Korea are not significantly different from those of the modern western nations when it coes to their principles of organization, the persons who work in them are, in general, more acutely status-oriented than their western counterparts.
Also the gap between the ideals of intitutions and their actual functioning makes it difficult to execute laws and procedures properly.
When we look at social organizations with regard to the modernization of Korean society, the influence of family shouldn’t be excluded from our discussion since it affects social development strongly.
It is 1 – source of population growth, 2- the context of important economic activities. 3- rhe means of transitting basic social values through the socialization process.
Koreans have traditionally respected filial piety, ancestor worship, and the preservation of family honor. For centuries the first duty of a married woman was to (1) respect her parents-in-law and (2) to bear many children, especially sons in order to continue the family line.
In 1910 korean population was 13 million but by 1935 it had increased to 21 million. By 1960 the population of south korea alone had reached about 30 milllion.
But the traditional family could not help but suffer change under the impact of modernization. Changes in the family began during the late Yi-Dynasty with the abolitin of status system and the GAB-O reform which peritted widows to remarry.
Changes continued to take place during the Japanese domination, which western family morals were introduced, and school attendance and employment for wmen were made possible. In the late of Japanese period, women were needed for wartime labour requirements so the role of women became more important.
The korean family was modernized even more rapidly after the liberation. The first reason for this is that the economic base of the traditional patriarchal system was eroded by the land reform. This directly weakened the traditional patriarchy.
The second reason for change in the family structur may be attributed to the various democratic institution introduced in Korea.
The third reason may be found in the social disorder that pervailed after the liberation and during the Korean War. Because of communist control in north korea, many persons took refuge in south korea. At that time there were many cases in which men escaped secretly alone while their wives took charge of home affairs and children’s care.during korean war, there were also many cases where women managed home aggairs alone, hiding their husbands and sons.
The fourth reason is that there occired various social changes which expanded the role of the housewife, allowing her to participate more widely in society.
The fifth reason is that modern western values, which were introduced through mass media, changed many of the old ideas about the family.
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1. kebingungan sosial.
Korea dibebaskan oleh kemenangan kekuatan sekutu atas negara Axis, dan dijanjikan kemerdekaan oleh deklarasi yang dibuat di Kairo dan Potsdam. Namun, sebelum mencapai kemerdekaan, masyarakat Korea sangat terorganisir.
Alasan untuk disorganisasi ini, pertama setelah kekalahan Jepang, tidak ada administrasi yang tepat untuk menjaga ketertiban sosial disiapkan. Korea pemerintahan sendiri diselenggarakan dalam upaya sementara untuk menjaga ketertiban sosial, tetapi ternyata ada tidak dapat mencapainya secara efektif.
Alasan kedua untuk disorganisasi adalah bahwa struktur masa perang Korea tiba-tiba berubah menjadi sistem pintu terbuka bebas . Ini tidak mengejutkan kemudian bahwa Korea, yang bergeser secara drastis dari pemerintah kontrol ketat untuk satu dengan hampir tidak ada kontrol, jatuh ke dalam kekacauan.
Alasan ketiga untuk disorganisasi dapat dikaitkan dengan pembagian Korea.
Alasan keempat untuk disoranization itu bahwa tentara Amerika pendudukan tidak memiliki kebijakan pembedaan untuk Korea. Mereka percaya pada gagasan demokrasi dan diadopsi sebagai prinsip tertinggi mereka bahwa semua keputusan dibuat oleh penduduk sendiri.
Alasan kelima untuk disorganisasi itu bahwa selama masa kolonial, kebanyakan instuitions sosial diduduki oleh Jepang yang tidak akan mengizinkan pemerintahan sendiri kegiatan pada bagian dari Korea. Pada tahun 1948, Korea Selatan karena kemandirian sebagai bangsa yang demokratis liberal di bawah pimpinan Syngan Rhee. Dia mengambil tindakan kuat untuk menghancurkan partai komunis di Korea Selatan. gangguan sosial di Korea Selatan memuncak dengan pecahnya Perang Korea. Rumah hancur, banyak orang meninggal atau terpisah dari keluarga mereka dan orang-orang susah payah hidup precatious bawah sistem komunis yang sama. Ketika tentara Cina merah campur tangan dan pasukan PBB rethreated ke selatan sungai han. Sebagian besar penduduk seould yang melarikan diri ke Bsan, Daegu dan tempat-tempat lainnya di selatan. Juga karena gaji mereka yang bekerja di instutions pblic sangat rendah, korupsi adalah biasa. 2. Dinamis struktur sosial. Secara umum, ekonom Korea tampaknya penting dari reformasi tanah korea selatan, tetapi dari sudut pandang sosiologis, fakta bahwa sebagian besar petani mampu untuk memiliki tanah mereka sendiri memiliki efek yang sangat positif, walaupun dengan Hollding rata Ukuran per petani tidak lebih dari Jongbo. Meskipun banyak cacat, reformasi tanah menyulitkan communits gerilyawan berakar di korea selatan. Setelah dunia wa II, ada banyak gerilyawan di daerah pedesaan negara-negara Asia dan itu termasuk selatan Korea. 3. Keluarga dan organisasi sosial Dalam membahas modernisasi Korea, organisasi sosial adalah salah satu mata pelajaran yang penting. Masyarakat Korea memiliki semua penting organisasi fungsional modern tapi ini tidak selalu terorganisir atau dikelola secara rasional atau efisien. Meskipun lembaga publci di Korea tidak jauh berbeda dari orang-orang dari negara-negara Barat modern ketika coes prinsip organisasi mereka, orang-orang yang bekerja di dalamnya, secara umum, lebih akut Status berorientasi daripada rekan-rekan Barat mereka. Juga kesenjangan antara cita-cita intitutions dan fungsi yang sebenarnya mereka membuat sulit untuk mengeksekusi hukum dan prosedur dengan benar. Ketika kita melihat organisasi sosial berkaitan dengan modernisasi masyarakat Korea, pengaruh keluarga tidak boleh dikeluarkan dari diskusi kita karena mempengaruhi perkembangan sosial kuat. Ini adalah 1 - sumber pertumbuhan penduduk, 2- konteks kegiatan ekonomi yang penting. 3- berarti rhe dari transitting nilai-nilai sosial dasar melalui proses sosialisasi. Korea secara tradisional dihormati bakti, pemujaan leluhur, dan pelestarian kehormatan keluarga. Selama berabad-abad tugas pertama wanita yang sudah menikah adalah untuk (1) menghormati orang tua mertua dan (2) untuk menanggung banyak anak, terutama anak-anak untuk melanjutkan garis keluarga. Pada tahun 1910 populasi Korea adalah 13 juta tetapi dengan 1935 itu telah meningkat menjadi 21 juta. Pada tahun 1960 populasi korea selatan saja telah mencapai sekitar 30 milllion. Tapi keluarga tradisional tidak bisa membantu tetapi menderita perubahan di bawah pengaruh modernisasi. Perubahan dalam keluarga dimulai pada akhir Yi-Dinasti dengan abolitin sistem status dan GAB-O reformasi yang peritted janda untuk menikah lagi. Perubahan terus berlangsung selama dominasi Jepang, yang moral keluarga Barat diperkenalkan, dan kehadiran di sekolah dan kerja bagi wmen dimungkinkan. Pada akhir periode Jepang, perempuan yang diperlukan untuk kebutuhan tenaga kerja masa perang sehingga peran perempuan menjadi lebih penting. Keluarga Korea dimodernisasi lebih cepat setelah pembebasan. Alasan pertama untuk ini adalah bahwa basis ekonomi dari sistem patriarki tradisional terkikis oleh reformasi tanah. Hal ini secara langsung melemahkan patriarki tradisional. Alasan kedua untuk perubahan dalam structur keluarga dapat dikaitkan dengan berbagai institusi demokrasi diperkenalkan di Korea. Alasan ketiga dapat ditemukan dalam gangguan sosial yang pervailed setelah pembebasan dan selama Perang Korea. Karena kontrol komunis di korea utara, banyak orang berlindung di korea selatan. Pada saat itu ada banyak kasus di mana orang-orang melarikan diri diam-diam saja, sementara istri mereka mengambil alih urusan rumah dan perang korea care.during anak-anak, ada juga banyak kasus di mana perempuan berhasil aggairs rumah sendirian, bersembunyi suami dan anak-anak mereka. Alasan keempat adalah bahwa ada occired berbagai perubahan sosial yang memperluas peran ibu rumah tangga, yang memungkinkan dirinya untuk berpartisipasi lebih luas dalam masyarakat. Alasan kelima adalah bahwa nilai-nilai Barat modern, yang diperkenalkan melalui media massa, mengubah banyak ide-ide lama tentang keluarga.























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