Faculty ModelTraining departments orginized by the faculty model look  terjemahan - Faculty ModelTraining departments orginized by the faculty model look  Bahasa Indonesia Bagaimana mengatakan

Faculty ModelTraining departments o

Faculty Model
Training departments orginized by the faculty model look a lot like the structure of a college. Figure 2.4 shows the faculty model. The training department is headed by a director with a staff of experts who have specialized knowledge of a particular topic a skill area. These experts develop, administer, and update training progams. For example, sales trainers are responsible for sales skills training (cultivating clients, negotiating a sale, closing a sale) and computer experts provide training on topics such as using e-mail and the world wide web as well as software design language.
The faculty model has several strengths. First, training staff are clearly experts in the area they train in. Second, the training department’s plans are easily determined by staff expertise. The content and timing of programs are determined primarily by when they are available and the expertise of the trainers. Organizing by the faculty model also has several disadvantages. Companies that use the faculty model may create a training function that has expertise that does not meet the needs of the organization. Trainers in a faculty model may also be unaware of business problems or unwilling to adapt materials to fit a business need. This can result in demotivated trainees who fail to learn because course content lacks meaning for them that is, it does not relate to problems or needs of the business. Progams and courses that may be needed may not be offered because trainers are not experts in certain areas. Skill and knowledge emphasized in programs may not match the needs of the company. To overcome these disadvantages of the faculty model, managers need to frequently survey training’s costumers to ensure that course offerings are meeting their needs. Expert trainers also need to ensure that the adapt course materials so that they are meaningful for participants.
Costumer model
Training departments organized according to the costumer model are responsible for the training needs of one division or function of the company. For example, trainers might be responsible for progams related to information systems, marketing, or operations. The trainers might also be human resources generalists whose job responsibilities include a broad range of human resources functions such as training, performance management, hiring, and benefits. Figure 2.5 shows the costumer model. This model overcomes a major problems of the faculty model. Training programs are developed more in line with the particular needs of a business group rather than on the expertise of training staff. Selection, training, compensation, and development are all based on a common set of knowledge, skills, abalities, or competencies. That is, training is integrated with other human resources responsibilities. Trainers in the modal are expected to be aware of business needs and to update courses and content to reflect them. If needs changes such that training is no longer available from a source inside the company, the trainers may use otside experts (e.g consultants). Materials provided by a training staff orginized by this models are likely to be meaningful to trainees.
There are several disadvantages to this models. First, trainers have to spend considarable time learning the business function before they can be useful trainers. Second, a large number of progams covering similiar topics may be developed by costumer. These programs may also vary greatly in effectiveness. It may be difficult for the training director to oversee each function to ensure that (1) a common instructional design process is used or (2) the company’s quality philosophy is consistently emphasized in each program. For example quality training may be developed seperately for marketing and for operations employees. This type of structure is likely to be unattractive to trainers who consider presentation and teaching to be their primary job function. In the costumer model, trainers are likely to be employees from the functional area (e.g., manufacturing engineers) who have great functional expertise but lack training in instructional design and learning theory. As a result, courses may be meaningful but poor from a design perspective (e.g., have inadequate feedback and practice opportunities.
For example, trensamerica life companies have identified skill that are needed companywide. These skill include communications, accountability, initiative, and collaboration. They also identified technical knowledge that is only needed in certain businees units of the company. These skills and knowledge will be used to make hiring, promotion, and compensation decisions. All employee training and development activity will focus on the skill.

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Faculty ModelTraining departments orginized by the faculty model look a lot like the structure of a college. Figure 2.4 shows the faculty model. The training department is headed by a director with a staff of experts who have specialized knowledge of a particular topic a skill area. These experts develop, administer, and update training progams. For example, sales trainers are responsible for sales skills training (cultivating clients, negotiating a sale, closing a sale) and computer experts provide training on topics such as using e-mail and the world wide web as well as software design language.The faculty model has several strengths. First, training staff are clearly experts in the area they train in. Second, the training department’s plans are easily determined by staff expertise. The content and timing of programs are determined primarily by when they are available and the expertise of the trainers. Organizing by the faculty model also has several disadvantages. Companies that use the faculty model may create a training function that has expertise that does not meet the needs of the organization. Trainers in a faculty model may also be unaware of business problems or unwilling to adapt materials to fit a business need. This can result in demotivated trainees who fail to learn because course content lacks meaning for them that is, it does not relate to problems or needs of the business. Progams and courses that may be needed may not be offered because trainers are not experts in certain areas. Skill and knowledge emphasized in programs may not match the needs of the company. To overcome these disadvantages of the faculty model, managers need to frequently survey training’s costumers to ensure that course offerings are meeting their needs. Expert trainers also need to ensure that the adapt course materials so that they are meaningful for participants.Costumer modelTraining departments organized according to the costumer model are responsible for the training needs of one division or function of the company. For example, trainers might be responsible for progams related to information systems, marketing, or operations. The trainers might also be human resources generalists whose job responsibilities include a broad range of human resources functions such as training, performance management, hiring, and benefits. Figure 2.5 shows the costumer model. This model overcomes a major problems of the faculty model. Training programs are developed more in line with the particular needs of a business group rather than on the expertise of training staff. Selection, training, compensation, and development are all based on a common set of knowledge, skills, abalities, or competencies. That is, training is integrated with other human resources responsibilities. Trainers in the modal are expected to be aware of business needs and to update courses and content to reflect them. If needs changes such that training is no longer available from a source inside the company, the trainers may use otside experts (e.g consultants). Materials provided by a training staff orginized by this models are likely to be meaningful to trainees.There are several disadvantages to this models. First, trainers have to spend considarable time learning the business function before they can be useful trainers. Second, a large number of progams covering similiar topics may be developed by costumer. These programs may also vary greatly in effectiveness. It may be difficult for the training director to oversee each function to ensure that (1) a common instructional design process is used or (2) the company’s quality philosophy is consistently emphasized in each program. For example quality training may be developed seperately for marketing and for operations employees. This type of structure is likely to be unattractive to trainers who consider presentation and teaching to be their primary job function. In the costumer model, trainers are likely to be employees from the functional area (e.g., manufacturing engineers) who have great functional expertise but lack training in instructional design and learning theory. As a result, courses may be meaningful but poor from a design perspective (e.g., have inadequate feedback and practice opportunities.For example, trensamerica life companies have identified skill that are needed companywide. These skill include communications, accountability, initiative, and collaboration. They also identified technical knowledge that is only needed in certain businees units of the company. These skills and knowledge will be used to make hiring, promotion, and compensation decisions. All employee training and development activity will focus on the skill.
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Fakultas Model
departemen Pelatihan orginized oleh model fakultas terlihat banyak seperti struktur perguruan tinggi. Gambar 2.4 menunjukkan model fakultas. Departemen pelatihan dipimpin oleh seorang direktur dengan staf ahli yang memiliki pengetahuan khusus tentang topik tertentu area keterampilan. Para ahli mengembangkan, mengelola, dan memperbarui progams pelatihan. Misalnya, pelatih penjualan bertanggung jawab untuk pelatihan keterampilan penjualan (budidaya klien, negosiasi penjualan, menutup penjualan) dan ahli komputer memberikan pelatihan tentang topik-topik seperti menggunakan e-mail dan world wide web serta perangkat lunak bahasa desain.
Fakultas Model memiliki beberapa kekuatan. Pertama, pelatihan staf yang jelas ahli di daerah mereka melatih di. Kedua, rencana departemen pelatihan ini mudah ditentukan oleh keahlian staf. Isi dan waktu program ditentukan terutama oleh kapan tersedia dan keahlian dari pelatih. Pengorganisasian oleh model fakultas juga memiliki beberapa kelemahan. Perusahaan yang menggunakan model fakultas dapat membuat fungsi pelatihan yang memiliki keahlian yang tidak memenuhi kebutuhan organisasi. Pelatih dalam model fakultas juga mungkin tidak menyadari masalah bisnis atau tidak mau beradaptasi bahan agar sesuai dengan kebutuhan bisnis. Hal ini dapat mengakibatkan kehilangan motivasi peserta yang gagal untuk belajar karena isi kursus tidak memiliki makna bagi mereka yang, tidak berhubungan dengan masalah atau kebutuhan bisnis. Progams dan kursus yang mungkin diperlukan mungkin tidak ditawarkan karena pelatih tidak ahli di daerah tertentu. Keterampilan dan pengetahuan ditekankan dalam program mungkin tidak cocok dengan kebutuhan perusahaan. Untuk mengatasi kelemahan tersebut dari model fakultas, manajer perlu sering survei pelanggan pelatihan untuk memastikan bahwa penawaran kursus yang memenuhi kebutuhan mereka. Pelatih ahli juga perlu memastikan bahwa beradaptasi materi kursus sehingga mereka berarti bagi peserta.
Model Costumer
departemen Pelatihan diselenggarakan sesuai dengan model pelanggan yang bertanggung jawab atas kebutuhan pelatihan satu divisi atau fungsi perusahaan. Misalnya, pelatih mungkin bertanggung jawab atas progams yang berkaitan dengan sistem informasi, pemasaran, atau operasi. Para pelatih juga mungkin sumber daya manusia generalis yang tanggung jawab pekerjaannya mencakup berbagai sumber fungsi manusia seperti pelatihan, manajemen kinerja, mempekerjakan, dan manfaat. Gambar 2.5 menunjukkan model pelanggan. Model ini mengatasi suatu masalah utama dari model fakultas. Program pelatihan dikembangkan lebih sesuai dengan kebutuhan khusus dari kelompok usaha bukan pada keahlian staf pelatihan. Seleksi, pelatihan, kompensasi, dan pengembangan semua didasarkan pada seperangkat pengetahuan, keterampilan, abalities, atau kompetensi. Artinya, pelatihan terintegrasi dengan tanggung jawab sumber daya manusia lainnya. Pelatih di modal yang diharapkan menyadari kebutuhan bisnis dan untuk memperbarui program dan konten untuk mencerminkan mereka. Jika kebutuhan perubahan tersebut bahwa pelatihan tidak lagi tersedia dari sumber di dalam perusahaan, para pelatih dapat menggunakan otside ahli (misalnya konsultan). Materi yang diberikan oleh staf pelatihan orginized oleh model ini cenderung bermakna bagi peserta pelatihan.
Ada beberapa kelemahan model ini. Pertama, pelatih harus menghabiskan waktu considarable belajar fungsi bisnis sebelum mereka dapat menjadi pelatih berguna. Kedua, sejumlah besar progams meliputi topik serupa dapat dikembangkan oleh pelanggan. Program ini juga dapat bervariasi dalam efektivitas. Mungkin sulit untuk direktur pelatihan untuk mengawasi setiap fungsi untuk memastikan bahwa (1) proses desain instruksional umum digunakan atau (2) filosofi kualitas perusahaan secara konsisten ditekankan dalam setiap program. Untuk pelatihan yang berkualitas misalnya dapat dikembangkan secara terpisah untuk pemasaran dan karyawan operasional. Jenis struktur mungkin akan menarik untuk pelatih yang menganggap presentasi dan mengajar menjadi fungsi pekerjaan utama mereka. Dalam model pelanggan, pelatih cenderung menjadi karyawan dari daerah fungsional (misalnya, insinyur manufaktur) yang memiliki keahlian fungsional yang besar tetapi tidak memiliki pelatihan dalam desain instruksional dan teori belajar. Akibatnya, program mungkin bermakna tapi miskin dari perspektif desain (misalnya, telah umpan balik dan praktek kesempatan yang tidak memadai.
Sebagai contoh, trensamerica perusahaan kehidupan telah mengidentifikasi keterampilan yang dibutuhkan seluruh perusahaan. skill ini termasuk komunikasi, akuntabilitas, inisiatif, dan kolaborasi. Mereka juga mengidentifikasi pengetahuan teknis yang hanya diperlukan dalam pengelolaan bisnis unit tertentu perusahaan. Keterampilan dan pengetahuan akan digunakan untuk membuat perekrutan, promosi, dan kompensasi keputusan. Semua pelatihan karyawan dan kegiatan pembangunan akan fokus pada keterampilan.

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