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Relation of the Morphological and Functional Parameters of Dendritic Spines Spines are dynamic morphological specializations that receive experience-derived synaptic input, and following molecular microprocessing with DNA derived ribosomes, they (mRNA polyribosomal complexes) generate synapticspecific proteins. The vast variety of forms and shapes of spines (Fiala and Harris, 1999; Fig. 2.2) are presumably expressions of the many multifunctional units within the spines (Shepherd, 1996). For example, the volume of the spine head is directly proportional (1) to the number of postsynaptic receptors and (2) to the number of docked synaptic vesicles in the presynaptic terminals (Yeste and Bonhoeffer, 2001). This association of structure (form) and function can be correlated with changes in the lengthening, shortening or widening of the neck adjacent to the dendritic shaft, with changes in the size and shape of the head of the spine, and with changes in the formation of new spines. Many changes have been associated with synaptic plasticity.
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