-Pottery is one of the oldest and m

-Pottery is one of the oldest and most widespread of the decorative arts, consisting chiefly of functional objects (such as vessels, plates, and bowls) made of clay and hardened with heat. Earthenware is the oldest and simplest form: stoneware is fired at a highTemperature to cause it to vitrify and harden; and porcelain is a fine, generally translucent form of pottery. Persian pottery (sometimes called Iranian pottery) refers to the pottery works made by the artists of Persia (Iran). The ceramic art of Persia is one of the world's greatest and most influential artistic traditions

The history goes back to early Neolithic Age (7th millennium BCE) with the production of coarse, unglazed wares. In 717 CE, when the Arab empire was one of the strongest, Persian pottery was developed based on Roman, Greek, Egyptian, and Central Asiatic ideas. During the 9th century under the Abbasid government, cobalt blue and other metallic oxides to produce blues and greens were used. Colors such as manganese purple, tomato red, olive T reen, yellow and brown were applied to the surface and then covered with a transparent glaze, creating a glossy and smooth finish. By the 12th century, Persian ceramic styles were well established and they set the standards for further innovations and conventions Recent excavations and archaeological research revealed that there were four major pottery-manufacturing areas in the lranian plateau. These included the western part of the country, namely the area west of the Zagros mountains (Lurestan), and the area south of the Caspian Sea (Gilan and Mazandaran). These two areas are chronologically as far as is known today, the earliest. The third region is located in the northwestern part of the country, in Azarbaijan. The fourth area is in the southeast, ie. the Kerman region and Baluchestan. To these four regions one may also add the Kavir area, where the history of pottery making can be dated back to the 8th millennium BCE. Persian pottery gained its renaissance, after its downfall due to Mongol conquest, during the Safavid period. The most important product in Kubachi ware of the Safavid periodis the polychromepainted. The designs appear in blue brownish-red, yellow and green under clear glaze. Portraits of people are painted against floral or simple scroll backgrounds. Others depict landscapes or just flowers. Apart from large dishes, small bowls, dishes and jugs are also known in these types. The beauty of Persian pottery during renaissance

Hasil (Bahasa Indonesia) 1:

-Tembikar adalah salah satu yang tertua dan paling luas dari seni dekoratif, terdiri terutama dari benda-benda yang fungsional (seperti kapal, piring dan mangkuk) terbuat dari tanah liat dan mengeras dengan panas. Gerabah adalah bentuk tertua dan paling sederhana: asperware adalah menembaki highTemperature menyebabkan untuk vitrify dan mengeras; dan porselen halus, umumnya tembus bentuk tembikar. Tembikar Persia (kadang-kadang disebut tembikar Iran) merujuk kepada karya tembikar yang dibuat oleh seniman dari Persia (Iran). Seni keramik Persia adalah salah satu dunia terbesar dan paling berpengaruh seni tradisi The history goes back to early Neolithic Age (7th millennium BCE) with the production of coarse, unglazed wares. In 717 CE, when the Arab empire was one of the strongest, Persian pottery was developed based on Roman, Greek, Egyptian, and Central Asiatic ideas. During the 9th century under the Abbasid government, cobalt blue and other metallic oxides to produce blues and greens were used. Colors such as manganese purple, tomato red, olive T reen, yellow and brown were applied to the surface and then covered with a transparent glaze, creating a glossy and smooth finish. By the 12th century, Persian ceramic styles were well established and they set the standards for further innovations and conventions Recent excavations and archaeological research revealed that there were four major pottery-manufacturing areas in the lranian plateau. These included the western part of the country, namely the area west of the Zagros mountains (Lurestan), and the area south of the Caspian Sea (Gilan and Mazandaran). These two areas are chronologically as far as is known today, the earliest. The third region is located in the northwestern part of the country, in Azarbaijan. The fourth area is in the southeast, ie. the Kerman region and Baluchestan. To these four regions one may also add the Kavir area, where the history of pottery making can be dated back to the 8th millennium BCE. Persian pottery gained its renaissance, after its downfall due to Mongol conquest, during the Safavid period. The most important product in Kubachi ware of the Safavid periodis the polychromepainted. The designs appear in blue brownish-red, yellow and green under clear glaze. Portraits of people are painted against floral or simple scroll backgrounds. Others depict landscapes or just flowers. Apart from large dishes, small bowls, dishes and jugs are also known in these types. The beauty of Persian pottery during renaissance

Hasil (Bahasa Indonesia) 2:

-Pottery Adalah salah satu terutama tertua dan paling luas dari seni dekoratif, yang terdiri dari benda-benda fungsional (seperti kapal, piring, dan mangkuk) yang terbuat dari tanah liat dan mengeras dengan panas. Gerabah adalah bentuk tertua dan paling sederhana: periuk ditembakkan pada hightemperature untuk menyebabkan ia berubah menjadi kaca dan mengeras; dan porselen adalah bentuk halus, umumnya tembus tembikar. Tembikar Persia (kadang-kadang disebut tembikar Iran) mengacu pada karya-karya tembikar yang dibuat oleh seniman dari Persia (Iran). Seni keramik Persia adalah salah satu yang terbesar dan paling berpengaruh tradisi artistik dunia

sejarah yang kembali ke awal Neolitik Umur (7 milenium SM) dengan produksi kasar, barang tanpa glasir. Pada 717 CE, ketika kerajaan Arab adalah salah satu yang terkuat, tembikar Persia dikembangkan berdasarkan Romawi, Yunani, Mesir, dan ide-ide Central Asia. Selama abad ke-9 di bawah pemerintahan Abbasiyah, biru kobalt dan oksida logam lain untuk menghasilkan biru dan hijau yang digunakan. Warna seperti mangan merah ungu, tomat, zaitun T reen, kuning dan coklat yang diterapkan ke permukaan dan kemudian ditutup dengan glasir transparan, menciptakan mengkilap dan halus. Pada abad ke-12, gaya keramik Persia yang mapan dan mereka menetapkan standar untuk inovasi lebih lanjut dan konvensi Penggalian baru-baru dan penelitian arkeologi mengungkapkan bahwa ada empat daerah tembikar-manufaktur besar di dataran tinggi lranian. Ini termasuk bagian barat negara itu, yaitu wilayah barat pegunungan Zagros (Lurestan), dan daerah selatan Laut Kaspia (Gilan dan Mazandaran). Kedua daerah ini secara kronologis sejauh yang dikenal saat ini, yang paling awal. Wilayah ketiga terletak di bagian barat laut negara itu, di Azarbaijan. Wilayah keempat adalah di tenggara, yaitu. wilayah Kerman dan Baluchestan. Untuk empat daerah ini salah satu juga dapat menambahkan area Kavir, di mana sejarah pembuatan gerabah dapat tanggal kembali ke milenium SM 8. Tembikar Persia memperoleh kebangkitan nya, setelah kejatuhannya karena Mongol penaklukan, selama periode Safawi. Produk yang paling penting dalam Kubachi ware Safawi periodis polychromepainted tersebut. Desain muncul warna biru kecoklatan-merah, kuning dan hijau di bawah glasir yang jelas. Potret orang yang dicat terhadap latar belakang scroll bunga atau sederhana. Lainnya menggambarkan lanskap atau hanya bunga. Terlepas dari piring besar, mangkuk kecil, piring dan kendi juga dikenal dalam jenis. Keindahan tembikar Persia selama renaissance