Disease is a phenomenon that become

Disease is a phenomenon that becomes part of family
life producing structural, procedural and emotional changes
that affect family health; this is understood as the family’s
ability to function and adapt to stressful life events,
which include the illness or disability of any of its members
(Gabriel, Figueiredo, Jácome, Cruz, & Marques, 2014;
Knafl & Gilliss, 2002). Different authors have tried to explain
the psychological phases that families go through when a
member is diagnosed with a condition. In these situations
families usually have a period of crisis that is followed
by a period of post-crisis, which are influenced by different
modulate variables, such as illness characteristics,
family background, perception of situation, family burden,
resources, and other capabilities including resilence, hardiness,
coping, and other family characteristics such as
cohesion, flexibility, communication, organization or mutually
supportive relationships (Gabriel et al., 2014; Joseph,
Goodfellow, & Simko, 2014; Knafl et al., 2011; Olson, 2011).
The families tend to adapt to illness by way of normalization
strategies to integrate this situation into daily family life. In
this sense, both mastery and routinization of the treatment
are important aspects of family’s response to illness (Knafl
& Gilliss, 2002).
The family disease management could be defined as daily
behavior that families perform to manage and adapt when a
member is diagnosed with a condition (Knafl et al., 2011) and
aims at generating a positive family environment, with emotional
stability and ways of coping appropriately that allow
the patient and all family members to adapt to the crisis and
obtain the services and resources needed. So that, families
must initiate strategies aimed at coping with the impact of
the illness or disability on the patient by offering support and
assistance, at obtaining the necessary normalization to continue
functioning and to minimize its consequences for other
family members, and also must actively participate in the
health care provided to the sick member (Ford, CourtneyPratt,
& Fitzgerald, 2012; Lima-Rodríguez, Lima-Serrano, &
Sáez-Bueno, 2009).