Dissent from progress. When eighteenth-century scholars rejected the o terjemahan - Dissent from progress. When eighteenth-century scholars rejected the o Bahasa Indonesia Bagaimana mengatakan

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Dissent from progress. When eighteenth-century scholars rejected the orthodox Christian views on the course of history they did not simply affirm random change. Their new order for the world accquired continuity through progress. But there were philosophes who rejected the optimistic view of development. Jean Jacques Rosseau regretted the increase in rationality, achieved in issolation from all other human faculties, particularly emotion. A long time ago, in the state of nature, reaason, passion, and emotion were of a whole and even the instinct of self-preservation strengthted natural cooperation and morality. Then, in a sort of Fall of Man, things changed. Property, hierarchy, and self-love appeared and worked to the detriment of concern for others. The human being acquired an external aspect, a false, deceptive, retentious, and hence evil wish to impress others, and this aspect was alienated from the internal aspect, the trus self. By the development of reason in solation fom other parts of mankind was the story of decadence.
The materialists among the philosophes simply had no use for history, with or wihout progress. Human beings were marely complex animals, governed by the desire to gratify heir needs in order to find happiness. At all times human life was the same story of need and gratification and attraction and repulsion. In such a mechanistic world the advance of science, history included, was irrelevant to human happiness. The world of La Mettrie, Holbach, and Helbetius knew only a chain of causation, not free will, providence, God, progress, or immortality. History could teach no useful lessons about such a world of nature to human beings bound by nature’s dictates.
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Dissent from progress. When eighteenth-century scholars rejected the orthodox Christian views on the course of history they did not simply affirm random change. Their new order for the world accquired continuity through progress. But there were philosophes who rejected the optimistic view of development. Jean Jacques Rosseau regretted the increase in rationality, achieved in issolation from all other human faculties, particularly emotion. A long time ago, in the state of nature, reaason, passion, and emotion were of a whole and even the instinct of self-preservation strengthted natural cooperation and morality. Then, in a sort of Fall of Man, things changed. Property, hierarchy, and self-love appeared and worked to the detriment of concern for others. The human being acquired an external aspect, a false, deceptive, retentious, and hence evil wish to impress others, and this aspect was alienated from the internal aspect, the trus self. By the development of reason in solation fom other parts of mankind was the story of decadence.The materialists among the philosophes simply had no use for history, with or wihout progress. Human beings were marely complex animals, governed by the desire to gratify heir needs in order to find happiness. At all times human life was the same story of need and gratification and attraction and repulsion. In such a mechanistic world the advance of science, history included, was irrelevant to human happiness. The world of La Mettrie, Holbach, and Helbetius knew only a chain of causation, not free will, providence, God, progress, or immortality. History could teach no useful lessons about such a world of nature to human beings bound by nature’s dictates.
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Perbedaan pendapat dari kemajuan. Ketika ulama abad kedelapan belas menolak pandangan Kristen ortodoks terhadap jalannya sejarah mereka tidak hanya menegaskan perubahan acak. Orde baru mereka untuk dunia accquired kelangsungan melalui kemajuan. Tapi ada philosophes yang menolak pandangan optimis pembangunan. Jean Jacques Rosseau menyesal peningkatan rasionalitas, dicapai dalam issolation dari semua fakultas manusia lainnya, terutama emosi. Beberapa waktu yang lalu, dalam keadaan alamiah, reaason, gairah, dan emosi yang dari keseluruhan dan bahkan naluri mempertahankan diri strengthted kerjasama alami dan moralitas. Kemudian, dalam semacam Fall of Man, hal-hal berubah. Properti, hirarki, dan cinta diri muncul dan bekerja untuk merugikan kepedulian terhadap orang lain. Manusia yang diakuisisi aspek eksternal, keinginan palsu, menipu, retentious, dan karenanya jahat untuk mengesankan orang lain, dan aspek ini terasing dari aspek internal, trus diri. Dengan pengembangan alasan di solation fom bagian lain dari umat manusia adalah kisah dekadensi.
The materialis antara para filsuf hanya tidak digunakan untuk sejarah, dengan atau wihout kemajuan. Manusia adalah binatang marely kompleks, diatur oleh keinginan untuk memuaskan kebutuhan ahli waris untuk menemukan kebahagiaan. Pada setiap waktu kehidupan manusia adalah cerita yang sama dari kebutuhan dan kepuasan dan daya tarik dan tolakan. Dalam dunia mekanistik kemajuan ilmu pengetahuan, sejarah termasuk, tidak relevan untuk kebahagiaan manusia. Dunia La Mettrie, Holbach, dan Helbetius tahu hanya rantai sebab-akibat, tidak gratis kehendak, pemeliharaan, Tuhan, kemajuan, atau keabadian. Sejarah bisa mengajarkan tidak ada pelajaran yang berguna tentang dunia seperti alam untuk manusia terikat dengan perintah alam.
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