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Figure 6.10 shows the results of tensile strength measurements up to 400°C on threetypes of woven fabric laminate: glass/vinyl ester, glass/polyester andglass/polypropylene. With continuous fibre laminates there is significant strengthretention at elevated temperatures due to the strength of the reinforcement. The drop in strength due to the initial softening of the resin is greater than would have beenanticipated on the basis of the resin contribution to strength. If resin softening were theonly phenomenon occurring then a relatively small drop would be anticipated. Thecause of this larger fall in strength is still under discussion, but a major element isprobably the loss of the ‘composite action’ that ensures that the fibres are all subjectedto the same strain level, despite minor waviness and misalignment. This ensures thatthe fibres in a composite below Tg all tend fail at around the same strain. When thematrix ceases to make a contribution the effects of path differences, or differences inwaviness may cause fibres to fail at different strain levels, with a consequent loss ofeffectiveness.
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