6a shows the result of applying Eq. (5) to the three landfills.As obse terjemahan - 6a shows the result of applying Eq. (5) to the three landfills.As obse Bahasa Indonesia Bagaimana mengatakan

6a shows the result of applying Eq.

6a shows the result of applying Eq. (5) to the three landfills.
As observed, the effectiveness factor depends primarily on the
average flux observed in the landfill and the area where recovery
improvement is achieved. It is important to stress that this estimation
considers that a recovery enhancement in a specific area has
no effect on fluxes generated in other areas, which is probably simplistic,
as the landfill cannot be divided into independent cells.
However, Eq. (5) is a useful tool to plan a recovery strategy.
Finally, yet importantly, the large data set generated during this
work was used to estimate the error present in the determination
of landfill emissions from a given number of field measurements.
Fig. 6b shows an example of the results obtained at LB with 20 flux
measurements. In that case, error from 20 to 150% would be present
in that landfill’s global emissions determination, highlighting
the importance of the high number of measurements allowed by
the surface probe method.
4. Conclusions
The surface probe method for flux measurement was successfully
applied in three landfills with contrasting designs, which suggests
that the method could be applied to the characterization of
CH4 emissions in any type of landfill, with an intermediate or a
final cover, as well as with or without a recovery system. The surface
probe method allowed for flux determination at a larger number
of locations, compared to the standard SC method, and
provided a convenient method for the detection and measurement
of hotspots. However, this method should be used as a complement
to the SC method, because standard measurements are still required for the calibration of the surface probe method. Together
with the two straightforward parameters that describe the spatial
distribution of flux, A%
M and H, the surface probe method offers an
appropriate tool for landfill operators willing to begin recovering
CH4 emissions or to improve the effectiveness of an existing recovery
system, by targeting and locating the areas with high CH4 emissions.
As observed in the three selected landfills, 50% of the total
CH4 emission were occurring in 0.4–5.6% of the total landfill area.
This implies that a limited recovery effort may produce significant
recovery results.
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6a shows the result of applying Eq. (5) to the three landfills.As observed, the effectiveness factor depends primarily on theaverage flux observed in the landfill and the area where recoveryimprovement is achieved. It is important to stress that this estimationconsiders that a recovery enhancement in a specific area hasno effect on fluxes generated in other areas, which is probably simplistic,as the landfill cannot be divided into independent cells.However, Eq. (5) is a useful tool to plan a recovery strategy.Finally, yet importantly, the large data set generated during thiswork was used to estimate the error present in the determinationof landfill emissions from a given number of field measurements.Fig. 6b shows an example of the results obtained at LB with 20 fluxmeasurements. In that case, error from 20 to 150% would be presentin that landfill’s global emissions determination, highlightingthe importance of the high number of measurements allowed bythe surface probe method.4. ConclusionsThe surface probe method for flux measurement was successfullyapplied in three landfills with contrasting designs, which suggeststhat the method could be applied to the characterization ofCH4 emissions in any type of landfill, with an intermediate or afinal cover, as well as with or without a recovery system. The surfaceprobe method allowed for flux determination at a larger numberof locations, compared to the standard SC method, andprovided a convenient method for the detection and measurementof hotspots. However, this method should be used as a complementto the SC method, because standard measurements are still required for the calibration of the surface probe method. Togetherwith the two straightforward parameters that describe the spatialdistribution of flux, A%M and H, the surface probe method offers anappropriate tool for landfill operators willing to begin recoveringCH4 emissions or to improve the effectiveness of an existing recoverysystem, by targeting and locating the areas with high CH4 emissions.As observed in the three selected landfills, 50% of the totalCH4 emission were occurring in 0.4–5.6% of the total landfill area.This implies that a limited recovery effort may produce significantrecovery results.
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Hasil (Bahasa Indonesia) 2:[Salinan]
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6a menunjukkan hasil dari penerapan Persamaan. (5) ke tiga tempat pembuangan sampah.
Seperti yang diamati, faktor efektivitas tergantung terutama pada
fluks rata-rata diamati di TPA dan daerah di mana pemulihan
perbaikan dicapai. Hal ini penting untuk menekankan bahwa estimasi ini
menganggap bahwa peningkatan pemulihan di kawasan tertentu memiliki
efek pada fluks yang dihasilkan di daerah lain, yang mungkin sederhana,
karena TPA tidak dapat dibagi menjadi sel independen.
Namun, Eq. (5) adalah alat yang berguna untuk merencanakan strategi pemulihan.
Akhirnya, namun penting, set data yang besar yang dihasilkan selama ini
kerja digunakan untuk memperkirakan kesalahan hadir dalam penentuan
emisi TPA dari sejumlah tertentu dari pengukuran lapangan.
Gambar. 6b menunjukkan contoh hasil yang diperoleh di LB dengan 20 fluks
pengukuran. Dalam hal ini, kesalahan 20-150% akan hadir
dalam penentuan emisi global yang TPA ini, menyoroti
pentingnya tingginya jumlah pengukuran diperbolehkan oleh
metode penyelidikan permukaan.
4. Kesimpulan
Metode pemeriksaan permukaan untuk pengukuran fluks berhasil
diterapkan di tiga tempat pembuangan sampah dengan desain yang kontras, yang menunjukkan
bahwa metode ini dapat diterapkan untuk karakterisasi
emisi CH4 di setiap jenis TPA, dengan perantara atau
penutup akhir, serta dengan atau tanpa sistem pemulihan. Permukaan
metode penyelidikan diperbolehkan untuk penentuan fluks di sejumlah besar
lokasi, dibandingkan dengan metode SC standar, dan
memberikan metode yang mudah untuk deteksi dan pengukuran
hotspot. Namun, metode ini harus digunakan sebagai pelengkap
metode SC, karena pengukuran standar masih diperlukan untuk kalibrasi metode penyelidikan permukaan. Bersama-sama
dengan dua parameter sederhana yang menggambarkan spasial
distribusi fluks, A%
M dan H, metode penyelidikan permukaan menawarkan
alat yang tepat untuk operator TPA bersedia untuk mulai pulih
emisi CH4 atau untuk meningkatkan efektivitas pemulihan yang ada
sistem, dengan menargetkan dan menemukan daerah dengan emisi CH4 tinggi.
Seperti yang diamati dalam tiga tempat pembuangan sampah yang dipilih, 50% dari total
emisi CH4 yang terjadi di 0,4-5,6% dari total luas TPA.
ini berarti bahwa upaya pemulihan terbatas dapat menghasilkan signifikan
hasil pemulihan.
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