Non-tuberculous MycobacteriaApproxi

Non-tuberculous Mycobacteria
Approximately 10% of the AFB-positive isolates were
characterized as NTM by molecular typing. Environmental
mycobacteria are known to be opportunistic pathogens in
HIV patients, but limited information is available for the
bacterial isolates in this study. Previously reported were
M. fortuitum in humans and livestock (Diguimbaye-Djaı¨be
et al. 2006; Mawak et al. 2006; Berg et al. 2009; Tschopp et al.
2010a, b) and M. flavescens and M. terrae complex in wildlife
in South-West Ethiopia (Tschopp et al. 2010a, b). The
presence of M. fortuitum could indicate the presence of farcy
in Ethiopia as it is difficult to distinguish it from M. farcinogenes
(Diguimbaye-Djaı¨be et al. 2006). Its isolation
from both animals and humans merits further investigation.
Epidemiology of M. bovis in South-Eastern Ethiopia
The parallel study on the prevalence of bTB in pastoral
cattle herds in the Oromia region, southern Ethiopia
(Gumi et al. 2011) indicated a true prevalence below 10%,
which is in the range of endemically stable transmission in
sedentary rural areas of Ethiopia (Tschopp et al. 2010a),
but slightly higher to the Hamer area (Tschopp et al.
2010b). The transmission dynamics of sedentary rural and
mobile pastoral cattle is likely similar, with early exposure
of calves, a variable latency period and transmission from
adult cows through the airways and udder. This could
explain the low level endemic transmission with a high herd
prevalence. Compared to sedentary rural communities,
where we could not find human M. bovis (publication in
preparation), cattle–human transmission seems effective in
pastoral communities in South-Eastern Ethiopia. Hence
there is likely a higher exposure of pastoralists to M. bovis,
when compared to sedentary communities.

Hasil (Bahasa Indonesia) 1:

Mikobakteri bebas-tuberculousSekitar 10% dari isolat AFB-positifditandai sebagai NTM dengan mengetik molekul. Lingkunganmikobakteri dikenal sebagai patogen oportunistik dalamPasien HIV, tetapi informasi terbatas tersedia untukbakteri isolat dalam studi ini. Sebelumnya dilaporkan sedangM. fortuitum pada manusia dan ternak (Diguimbaye-Djaı¨beet al. 2006; Mawak et al. 2006; Berg et al. 2009; Tschopp et al.2010a, b) dan M. flavescens dan M. terrae kompleks di satwa liardi barat daya Ethiopia (Tschopp et al. 2010a, b). Thekehadiran M. fortuitum bisa menunjukkan kehadiran farcydi Ethiopia karena sulit untuk membedakannya dari M. farcinogenes(Diguimbaye-Djaı¨be et al., 2006). Isolasidari hewan dan manusia manfaat penyelidikan lebih lanjut.Epidemiologi M. bovis di selatan-timur EthiopiaStudi paralel prevalensi bTB di pastoralkawanan ternak di wilayah Oromia, Ethiopia Selatan(Gumi et al. 2011) menunjukkan prevalensi yang benar di bawah 10%,yang berada dalam kisaran transmisi maksimalisasi keuntungan menjadi stabildaerah pedesaan menetap di Ethiopia (Tschopp et al. 2010a),tapi sedikit lebih tinggi ke daerah Hamer (Tschopp et al.2010b). transmisi dinamika menetap pedesaan danMobile pastoral ternak mungkin mirip dengan paparan awallembu, periode variabel latensi, dan transmisi daridewasa sapi melalui airways dan ambing. Ini bisamenjelaskan tingkat rendah transmisi endemik dengan kawanan tinggiprevalensi. Dibandingkan dengan masyarakat pedesaan yang menetap,dimana kami tidak dapat menemukan manusia M. bovis (publikasi dalampersiapan), ternak-manusia agaknya efektifmasyarakat pastoral di selatan-timur Etiopia. Oleh karena ituada kemungkinan paparan lebih tinggi penggembala M. bovis,Bila dibandingkan dengan komunitas menetap.