1. IntroductionDecisions concerning capital structure are imperative f terjemahan - 1. IntroductionDecisions concerning capital structure are imperative f Bahasa Indonesia Bagaimana mengatakan

1. IntroductionDecisions concerning

1. Introduction
Decisions concerning capital structure are imperative for every business organization.
In the corporate form of business, generally it is the job of the management to make
capital structure decisions in a way that the firm value is maximized. However,
maximization of firm value is not an easy job because it involves the selection of debt and
equity securities in a balanced proportion keeping in view of different costs and benefits
coupled with these securities.Awrong decision in the selection process of securities may
lead the firm to financial distress and eventually to bankruptcy. The relationship
between capital structure decisions and firm value has been extensively investigated
in the past few decades. Over the years, alternative capital structure theories have been
developed in order to determine the optimal capital structure. Despite the theoretical
appeal of capital structure, a specific methodology has not been realized yet, which
managers can use in order to determine an optimal debt level. This may be due to the fact
that theories concerning capital structure differ in their relative emphasis; for instance,
the trade-off theory emphasizes taxes, the pecking order theory emphasizes differences
in information, and the free cash flow theory emphasizes agency costs. However, these
theories provide some help in understanding the financing behavior of firms as well as
in identifying the potential factors that affect the capital structure.
The empirical literature on capital structure choice is vast, mainly referring to
industrialized countries (Myers, 1977; Titman and Wessels, 1988; Rajan and Zingales,
1995; Wald, 1999) and a few developing countries (Booth et al., 2001). However, findings
of these empirical studies do not lead to a consensus with regard to the significant
determinants of capital structure. This may be because of variations in the use of
long-term versus short-term debt or because of institutional differences that exist
between developed and developing countries.
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1. IntroductionDecisions concerning capital structure are imperative for every business organization.In the corporate form of business, generally it is the job of the management to makecapital structure decisions in a way that the firm value is maximized. However,maximization of firm value is not an easy job because it involves the selection of debt andequity securities in a balanced proportion keeping in view of different costs and benefitscoupled with these securities.Awrong decision in the selection process of securities maylead the firm to financial distress and eventually to bankruptcy. The relationshipbetween capital structure decisions and firm value has been extensively investigatedin the past few decades. Over the years, alternative capital structure theories have beendeveloped in order to determine the optimal capital structure. Despite the theoreticalappeal of capital structure, a specific methodology has not been realized yet, whichmanagers can use in order to determine an optimal debt level. This may be due to the factthat theories concerning capital structure differ in their relative emphasis; for instance,the trade-off theory emphasizes taxes, the pecking order theory emphasizes differencesin information, and the free cash flow theory emphasizes agency costs. However, thesetheories provide some help in understanding the financing behavior of firms as well asin identifying the potential factors that affect the capital structure.The empirical literature on capital structure choice is vast, mainly referring toindustrialized countries (Myers, 1977; Titman and Wessels, 1988; Rajan and Zingales,1995; Wald, 1999) and a few developing countries (Booth et al., 2001). However, findingsof these empirical studies do not lead to a consensus with regard to the significantdeterminants of capital structure. This may be because of variations in the use oflong-term versus short-term debt or because of institutional differences that existbetween developed and developing countries.
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1. Pendahuluan
Keputusan mengenai struktur modal yang penting untuk setiap organisasi bisnis.
Dalam bentuk perusahaan bisnis, umumnya itu adalah tugas dari manajemen untuk membuat
keputusan struktur modal dengan cara yang nilai perusahaan dimaksimalkan. Namun,
memaksimalkan nilai perusahaan merupakan pekerjaan yang tidak mudah karena melibatkan pemilihan hutang dan
efek ekuitas dalam proporsi yang seimbang tetap melihat dari biaya yang berbeda dan manfaat
ditambah dengan keputusan ini securities.Awrong dalam proses pemilihan sekuritas dapat
menyebabkan perusahaan untuk kesulitan keuangan dan akhirnya bangkrut. Hubungan
antara keputusan struktur modal dan nilai perusahaan telah banyak diteliti
dalam beberapa dekade terakhir. Selama bertahun-tahun, modal alternatif struktur teori telah
dikembangkan untuk menentukan struktur modal yang optimal. Meskipun teori
daya tarik struktur modal, metodologi tertentu belum terealisasi belum, yang
manajer dapat menggunakan dalam rangka untuk menentukan tingkat utang yang optimal. Hal ini mungkin disebabkan oleh kenyataan
bahwa teori-teori mengenai struktur modal berbeda dalam penekanan relatif mereka; misalnya,
trade-off teori menekankan pajak, teori pecking order menekankan perbedaan
informasi, dan teori aliran kas bebas menekankan biaya agensi. Namun,
teori memberikan bantuan dalam memahami perilaku pembiayaan perusahaan
serta. Dalam mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor potensial yang mempengaruhi struktur modal
Literatur empiris terhadap struktur modal pilihan sangat luas, terutama mengacu pada
negara-negara industri (Myers, 1977; Titman dan Wessels, 1988; Rajan dan Zingales,
1995;. Wald, 1999) dan negara-negara berkembang beberapa (Booth et al, 2001). Namun, temuan
dari studi empiris tidak mengarah ke konsensus sehubungan dengan signifikan
faktor penentu struktur modal. Ini mungkin karena variasi dalam penggunaan
jangka panjang terhadap utang jangka pendek atau karena perbedaan kelembagaan yang ada
antara negara-negara maju dan berkembang.
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