A positive screening result was def

A positive screening result was defined as one in which a nodule or other finding was observed that was potentially related to lung cancer.  On average, over all three screening rounds, 24.2 percent of the low-dose helical CTs were positive and 6.9 percent of the chest X-rays were positive and led to a diagnostic evaluation. Among people who had multiple annual screens (up to three screens) 39.1 percent had at least one positive screen in the CT arm and 16.0 percent had at least one positive screen in the chest X-ray arm. Diagnostic evaluation most frequently consisted of further imaging, and invasive procedures were rare. 

Across the three rounds, when a positive screening result was obtained, 96.4 percent of the low-dose helical CT tests and 94.5 percent of the chest X-ray exams were false-positive, meaning that the observed finding was not due to lung cancer.  These percentages varied little by round.  The vast majority of false-positive results were probably due to the detection of benign lymph nodes or granulomata, which are non-cancerous inflamed tissue masses.  The fact that these false-positive results were not cancer was usually confirmed noninvasively by the lack of change in the finding on follow-up CTs.

Hasil (Bahasa Indonesia) 1:

Hasil positif skrining didefinisikan sebagai salah satu yang di mana nodul atau mencari lain diamati yang berpotensi berkaitan dengan kanker paru-paru. Rata-rata atas semua pemeriksaan tiga putaran, 24,2 persen dari CTs heliks dosis rendah yang positif dan 6,9 persen sinar-x dada yang positif dan mengarah ke sebuah evaluasi diagnostik. Di antara orang-orang yang memiliki layar tahunan beberapa (hingga tiga layar) 39.1 persen memiliki setidaknya satu layar positif di lengan CT dan 16.0 persen memiliki setidaknya satu layar positif di lengan X-ray dada. Diagnostik evaluasi paling sering terdiri lebih lanjut pencitraan, dan prosedur invasif yang langka. Di tiga putaran, ketika hasil pemeriksaan positif yang diperoleh, 96.4 persen dari dosis rendah heliks CT tes dan 94.5 persen dada X-ray ujian adalah positif palsu, berarti bahwa temuan diamati bukanlah karena kanker paru-paru. Persentase ini bervariasi sedikit oleh putaran. Sebagian besar hasil positif palsu itu mungkin karena deteksi jinak kelenjar getah bening atau granulomata, yang adalah massa jaringan non-kanker. Fakta bahwa hasil positif palsu ini tidak kanker biasanya dikonfirmasi noninvasively oleh kurangnya perubahan dalam temuan pada CTs tindak lanjut.