criptsIn this review, we identified two studies that used scripts toin terjemahan - criptsIn this review, we identified two studies that used scripts toin Bahasa Indonesia Bagaimana mengatakan

criptsIn this review, we identified

cripts
In this review, we identified two studies that used scripts to
intervene on social or play skills. Wichnick et al. (2010)useda
script fading procedure to increase correct responses to initiations
from typically developing peers in a preschool classroom.
By fading the script used to appropriately respond to the
peer, the study increased novel or independent responses to
the peer. In a multiple-baseline design across participants,
Wichnick et al. (2010) had good success across participants,
with PND for graphed data of 100 % for both scripted and
unscripted responses.
Woods and Poul son (2006) used scripts to increase initiations
to typically developing peers by children with developmental
disabilities. The study looked at the three participants
with differing developmental disabilities; however, only the
results of the child with ASD are reported for the purpose of
this review. In a multiple baseline design across participants,
the participant with autism showed 100 %PND for increase in
unscripted responses.
Other Antecedent Strategies
Jung et al. (2008) used the theoretical principles of behavioral
momentum to allow children with ASD to respond to a highprobability
(high-p) request sequence connected to social interaction.
In this study, a series of preferred tasks or mastered
activities such as, “put your hands on your shoulders,” were
followed by a low-probability (low-p) request such as, “invite a
peer to play.” In a multiple baseline across participant design,
Jung and colleagues (
2008) demonstrated moderate results
across participants, with good maintenance of effect between
the high-p and low-p requests. PND for this study was 100 %.
Liber et al. (2008)usedtime-delaytofadepromptswhen
teaching children with ASD to demonstrate appropriate play
skills with peers. Detailed task analyses were created for
several social skills. Prompts for the next step of the task
analysis were faded using 2-s intervals until the child was able
to complete the step correctly without a prompt. The effects of
the time delay intervention on percent of correctly completed
steps of the task analyses were examined using a multiple
baseline design across participants. The study found a good
effect across interventions, with a PND of 83 %.
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criptsIn this review, we identified two studies that used scripts tointervene on social or play skills. Wichnick et al. (2010)usedascript fading procedure to increase correct responses to initiationsfrom typically developing peers in a preschool classroom.By fading the script used to appropriately respond to thepeer, the study increased novel or independent responses tothe peer. In a multiple-baseline design across participants,Wichnick et al. (2010) had good success across participants,with PND for graphed data of 100 % for both scripted andunscripted responses.Woods and Poul son (2006) used scripts to increase initiationsto typically developing peers by children with developmentaldisabilities. The study looked at the three participantswith differing developmental disabilities; however, only theresults of the child with ASD are reported for the purpose ofthis review. In a multiple baseline design across participants,the participant with autism showed 100 %PND for increase inunscripted responses.Other Antecedent StrategiesJung et al. (2008) used the theoretical principles of behavioralmomentum to allow children with ASD to respond to a highprobability(high-p) request sequence connected to social interaction.In this study, a series of preferred tasks or masteredactivities such as, “put your hands on your shoulders,” werefollowed by a low-probability (low-p) request such as, “invite apeer to play.” In a multiple baseline across participant design,Jung and colleagues (2008) demonstrated moderate resultsacross participants, with good maintenance of effect betweenthe high-p and low-p requests. PND for this study was 100 %.Liber et al. (2008)usedtime-delaytofadepromptswhenteaching children with ASD to demonstrate appropriate playskills with peers. Detailed task analyses were created forseveral social skills. Prompts for the next step of the taskanalysis were faded using 2-s intervals until the child was ableto complete the step correctly without a prompt. The effects ofthe time delay intervention on percent of correctly completedsteps of the task analyses were examined using a multiplebaseline design across participants. The study found a goodeffect across interventions, with a PND of 83 %.
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Hasil (Bahasa Indonesia) 2:[Salinan]
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cripts
Dalam ulasan ini, kami mengidentifikasi dua studi yang digunakan script untuk
campur tangan pada keterampilan sosial atau bermain. Wichnick et al. (2010) useda
naskah memudar prosedur untuk meningkatkan respon yang benar untuk inisiasi
dari biasanya berkembang rekan-rekan di kelas prasekolah.
Dengan memudar script yang digunakan untuk tepat menanggapi
rekan, studi peningkatan baru atau tanggapan independen untuk
peer. Dalam desain multi-dasar di seluruh partisipan,
Wichnick et al. (2010) telah sukses baik di peserta,
dengan PND data digambarkan dari 100% untuk kedua ditulis dan
tanggapan tanpa naskah.
Woods dan anak Poul (2006) digunakan script untuk meningkatkan inisiasi
untuk mengembangkan biasanya rekan-rekan oleh anak-anak dengan perkembangan
cacat. Penelitian ini mengamati tiga peserta
dengan berbeda cacat perkembangan; Namun, hanya
hasil dari anak dengan ASD dilaporkan untuk tujuan
review ini. Dalam desain dasar beberapa peserta yang,
peserta dengan autisme menunjukkan 100% PND untuk peningkatan
respon tanpa naskah.
Strategi Antecedent lain
Jung et al. (2008) menggunakan prinsip-prinsip teoritis perilaku
momentum untuk memungkinkan anak-anak dengan ASD untuk menanggapi highprobability
urutan permintaan (tinggi-p) yang terhubung ke interaksi sosial.
Dalam penelitian ini, serangkaian tugas disukai atau menguasai
kegiatan seperti, "menempatkan Anda tangan di bahu Anda, "yang
diikuti oleh probabilitas rendah (low-p) permintaan seperti, "mengundang
rekan untuk bermain. "Dalam beberapa dasar di desain peserta,
Jung dan rekan (
2008) menunjukkan hasil yang moderat
di seluruh partisipan, dengan perawatan yang baik dari efek antara
tinggi-p dan permintaan rendah p. PND untuk penelitian ini adalah 100%.
Liber et al. (2008) usedtime-delaytofadepromptswhen
mengajar anak-anak dengan ASD untuk menunjukkan bermain sesuai
kemampuan dengan rekan-rekan. Analisis tugas rinci diciptakan untuk
beberapa keterampilan sosial. Anjuran untuk langkah berikutnya dari tugas
analisis yang pudar menggunakan 2-s interval sampai anak mampu
untuk menyelesaikan langkah dengan benar tanpa prompt. Efek dari
waktu tunda intervensi pada persen selesai dengan benar
langkah analisis tugas diperiksa menggunakan beberapa
desain dasar seluruh peserta. Studi ini menemukan baik
efek di intervensi, dengan PND dari 83%.
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