PANAX GINSENGLike Ginkgo biloba, Pa

PANAX GINSENG

Like Ginkgo biloba, Panax ginseng appears to have little effect on CYP-mediated drug metabolism and is probably less prone to cause pharmacokinetic interactions. Ginsenosides and other saponins found in various ginseng species are absorbed following oral administration,100 yet the attainment of serum concentrations capable of modulating CYP activity in vivo appears unlikely. This was evident for several ginsenosides where the IC50 concentrations for recombinant human CYP isoforms were several orders of magnitude higher than that for ketoconazole, a potent inhibitor of CYP3A.101 Further support comes from studies examining Panax ginseng supple- mentation on human CYP probe drug phenotypes that found the herb to have little or no modulatory effect on CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2D6, CYP2E1, or CYP3A4 in vivo.28,93,102 Additional evidence can be found in animal studies that cite no effect of ginseng on warfarin pharmacokinetics.103
In contrast, long-term ginseng supplementation was shown to produce modest increases in nifedipine plasma concentrations, implying an inhibitory effect on CYP3A4.97 Panax ginseng has also been shown to enhance blood alcohol clearance in healthy volunteers,104 an effect possibly attributed to induction of alcohol dehy- drogenase.105 Again, substantial variability in ginsenoside content has been reported among commercial ginseng preparations, indicating that clinically significant effects on CYP and other drug metabolizing enzymes could be brand specific.106 Still other factors that may impinge on the variability of ginseng supplements and their drug interaction potential include differences in processing methods107 and metabolism by human intestinal bacteria.108

Hasil (Bahasa Indonesia) 1:

PANAX GINSENGSeperti Ginkgo biloba, Panax ginseng tampaknya memiliki sedikit efek pada metabolisme obat CYP-dimediasi dan mungkin kurang cenderung menyebabkan pharmacokinetic interaksi. Ginsenosides dan lain saponin yang ditemukan di berbagai spesies ginseng yang diserap berikut oral administrasi, 100 tetapi pencapaian konsentrasi serum mampu modulasi CYP aktivitas di vivo nampaknya tidak mungkin. Ini adalah jelas untuk beberapa ginsenosides mana konsentrasi IC50 untuk isoforms CYP manusia rekombinan yang beberapa kali lipat lebih tinggi daripada bahwa untuk ketoconazole, inhibitor poten pada dukungan lebih lanjut CYP3A.101 berasal dari studi memeriksa Panax ginseng kenyal-mentation pada manusia CYP probe fenotipe obat yang ditemukan ramuan memiliki sedikit atau tidak ada dampak yang modulatory pada CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2D6 , CYP2E1, atau menghambat CYP3A4 di vivo.28,93,102 bukti tambahan dapat ditemukan dalam penelitian hewan yang mengutip tidak efek ginseng warfarin pharmacokinetics.103In contrast, long-term ginseng supplementation was shown to produce modest increases in nifedipine plasma concentrations, implying an inhibitory effect on CYP3A4.97 Panax ginseng has also been shown to enhance blood alcohol clearance in healthy volunteers,104 an effect possibly attributed to induction of alcohol dehy- drogenase.105 Again, substantial variability in ginsenoside content has been reported among commercial ginseng preparations, indicating that clinically significant effects on CYP and other drug metabolizing enzymes could be brand specific.106 Still other factors that may impinge on the variability of ginseng supplements and their drug interaction potential include differences in processing methods107 and metabolism by human intestinal bacteria.108