The basic hydrophobic forces underlying the cell membrane structure are common across
all domains. In Eubacteria and Eukarya, cell membranes consist of a lipid bilayer in
which the polar heads of the lipid molecules arrange along the aqueous interface on each
side of the bilayer, thereby shielding the hydrophobic fatty acid tails in the interior of the8
bilayer. The diether lipid molecules characteristic of some of Archaea have analogous
features, a polar head coupled to two hydrophobic tails, and they respond to the
hydrophobic forces in a similar way by forming a lipid bilayer membrane. While there
are differences in the nature of the hydrocarbon tails, and in the nature of the linkage to
the glycerol backbone, all of these systems are essentially monopolar molecules forming
a bilayer membrane.
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