Gap 1: KnowledgeThe first and the most fundamental gap that may exist  terjemahan - Gap 1: KnowledgeThe first and the most fundamental gap that may exist  Bahasa Indonesia Bagaimana mengatakan

Gap 1: KnowledgeThe first and the m

Gap 1: Knowledge
The first and the most fundamental gap that may exist is between customers' real expectations
and managers' perception of those expectations. This gap reflects management's
lack of knowledge or understanding of customers. While there may be many
reasons for this lack of understanding, it is clear that no beneficial customer satisfaction
platform can be established without a thorough understanding of customer expectations,
how they are prioritized, and how they are formed. Since sales typically has
the major responsibility for customer interactions, knowledge regarding logistics expectations
is often difficult to obtain.
Gap 2: Standards
Even if full understanding of customer expectations exists, it is still necessary to establish
standards of performance for the organization. The standards gap exists when internal
performance standards do not adequately or accurately reflect customer expectations.
This is precisely the case in many organizations that develop their basic service
platform based on examination of internal operating capabilities or on a superficial examination
of competitive service performance.
Gap 3: Performance
The performance gap is the difference between standard and actual performance. If the
standard is a fill rate of 98 percent, based on research with customers regarding their
expectations, and the firm actually performs at 97 percent, a performance gap exists. It
should be pointed out that many firms focus their efforts to improve satisfaction by
eliminating the performance gap. It may be, however, that the dissatisfaction exists
due to a poor understanding of customer expectations in the first place.
Gap 4: Communications
The role of communications in customer satisfaction cannot be overemphasized. As
discussed previously, overcommitment, or promising higher levels of performance
than can actually be provided, is a major cause of customer dissatisfaction. There
should be no gap between what a firm is capable of doing and what customers are told
about those capabilities.
Gap 5: Perception
It is true that customers sometimes perceive performance to be lower or higher than
actually achieved. In logistics, many managers frequently lament, "We're only as
good as the last order." Thus, although performance over a long time period has been
very good, a late or incomplete or otherwise subpar delivery may result in a customer's
expression of extreme dissatisfaction.
Gap 6: Satisfaction/Quality
The existence of any one or more of the above gaps leads to customer perception that
performance is not as good as expected. In other words, these gaps result in customer
Part I Logistics in Suppl.~C hain Munagement
dissatisfaction. When building a platform for delivering customer satisfaction, a firm
must ensure that these gaps do not exist.
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Hasil (Bahasa Indonesia) 1: [Salinan]
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Gap 1: KnowledgeThe first and the most fundamental gap that may exist is between customers' real expectationsand managers' perception of those expectations. This gap reflects management'slack of knowledge or understanding of customers. While there may be manyreasons for this lack of understanding, it is clear that no beneficial customer satisfactionplatform can be established without a thorough understanding of customer expectations,how they are prioritized, and how they are formed. Since sales typically hasthe major responsibility for customer interactions, knowledge regarding logistics expectationsis often difficult to obtain.Gap 2: StandardsEven if full understanding of customer expectations exists, it is still necessary to establishstandards of performance for the organization. The standards gap exists when internalperformance standards do not adequately or accurately reflect customer expectations.This is precisely the case in many organizations that develop their basic serviceplatform based on examination of internal operating capabilities or on a superficial examinationof competitive service performance.Gap 3: PerformanceThe performance gap is the difference between standard and actual performance. If thestandard is a fill rate of 98 percent, based on research with customers regarding theirexpectations, and the firm actually performs at 97 percent, a performance gap exists. Itshould be pointed out that many firms focus their efforts to improve satisfaction byeliminating the performance gap. It may be, however, that the dissatisfaction existsdue to a poor understanding of customer expectations in the first place.Gap 4: CommunicationsThe role of communications in customer satisfaction cannot be overemphasized. Asdiscussed previously, overcommitment, or promising higher levels of performancethan can actually be provided, is a major cause of customer dissatisfaction. Thereshould be no gap between what a firm is capable of doing and what customers are toldabout those capabilities.Gap 5: PerceptionIt is true that customers sometimes perceive performance to be lower or higher thanactually achieved. In logistics, many managers frequently lament, "We're only asgood as the last order." Thus, although performance over a long time period has beenvery good, a late or incomplete or otherwise subpar delivery may result in a customer'sexpression of extreme dissatisfaction.Gap 6: Satisfaction/QualityThe existence of any one or more of the above gaps leads to customer perception thatperformance is not as good as expected. In other words, these gaps result in customerPart I Logistics in Suppl.~C hain Munagementdissatisfaction. When building a platform for delivering customer satisfaction, a firmmust ensure that these gaps do not exist.
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Hasil (Bahasa Indonesia) 2:[Salinan]
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Gap 1: Pengetahuan
pertama dan kesenjangan yang paling mendasar yang mungkin ada adalah antara 'harapan nyata pelanggan
dan manajer persepsi harapan mereka. Kesenjangan ini mencerminkan manajemen
kurangnya pengetahuan atau pemahaman pelanggan. Meskipun mungkin ada banyak
alasan untuk kurangnya pemahaman, jelas bahwa tidak ada kepuasan pelanggan menguntungkan
platform dapat didirikan tanpa pemahaman yang menyeluruh tentang harapan pelanggan,
bagaimana mereka diprioritaskan, dan bagaimana mereka terbentuk. Sejak penjualan biasanya memiliki
tanggung jawab utama untuk interaksi pelanggan, pengetahuan tentang harapan logistik
seringkali sulit diperoleh.
Gap 2: Standar
Bahkan jika pemahaman penuh harapan pelanggan ada, masih perlu untuk menetapkan
standar kinerja bagi organisasi. Kesenjangan standar ada saat internal yang
standar kinerja tidak memadai atau akurat mencerminkan harapan pelanggan.
Inilah yang terjadi di banyak organisasi yang mengembangkan layanan dasar mereka
platform berbasis pada pemeriksaan kemampuan operasi internal maupun pada pemeriksaan dangkal
kinerja pelayanan yang kompetitif.
Gap 3 : Kinerja
Kesenjangan kinerja adalah perbedaan antara kinerja standar dan aktual. Jika
standar tingkat fill dari 98 persen, berdasarkan penelitian dengan pelanggan mengenai mereka
harapan, dan perusahaan benar-benar tampil di 97 persen, kesenjangan kinerja ada. Ini
harus menunjukkan bahwa banyak perusahaan memfokuskan upaya mereka untuk meningkatkan kepuasan dengan
menghilangkan kesenjangan kinerja. Mungkin, bagaimanapun, bahwa ketidakpuasan ada
karena pemahaman yang buruk dari harapan pelanggan di tempat pertama.
Gap 4: Komunikasi
Peran komunikasi dalam kepuasan pelanggan tidak bisa terlalu ditekankan. Seperti
dibahas sebelumnya, berlebih-lebihan, atau menjanjikan tingkat yang lebih tinggi dari kinerja
dari sebenarnya bisa disediakan, merupakan penyebab utama dari ketidakpuasan pelanggan. Ada
seharusnya tidak ada kesenjangan antara apa sebuah perusahaan yang mampu melakukan dan apa yang pelanggan diberitahu
tentang kemampuan mereka.
Gap 5: Persepsi
Memang benar bahwa kadang-kadang pelanggan merasa kinerja lebih rendah atau lebih tinggi dari
sebenarnya dicapai. Dalam logistik, banyak manajer sering mengeluh, "Kami hanya sebagai
baik sebagai urutan terakhir." Dengan demikian, meskipun kinerja selama periode waktu yang lama telah
sangat baik, terlambat atau tidak lengkap atau pengiriman bawah standar dapat mengakibatkan pelanggan
ekspresi ketidakpuasan yang ekstrim.
Gap 6: Kepuasan / Kualitas
Adanya salah satu atau lebih dari kesenjangan atas lead dengan persepsi pelanggan yang
kinerjanya tidak sebagus yang diharapkan. Dengan kata lain, kesenjangan ini mengakibatkan pelanggan
Bagian I Logistik di Suppl. ~ C hain Munagement
ketidakpuasan. Ketika membangun sebuah platform untuk memberikan kepuasan pelanggan, perusahaan
harus memastikan bahwa kesenjangan ini tidak ada.
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