Newcastle disease (ND) is an OIE no

Newcastle disease (ND) is an OIE notifiable disease and
notification of any outbreak is mandatory to the OIE [12].
ND is distributed around the globe and is consistently
reported from all the continents. In Pakistan, a sporadic
form of the disease exists throughout the year, and only a
limited number of outbreaks are officially or unofficially
reported annually. Despite the extensive and unrestricted
use of imported vaccines, NDV still remains the main
poultry disease in both commercial and rural chickens of
Pakistan [13]. Incompatibility between field and vaccine
strains and generation of novel NDV strains explain thisfailure of vaccine. Moreover, the role of rural poultry in
the epizootiology of NDV in the country has always
remained a mystery. In order to evaluate the degree of
genetic diversity of NDV strains circulating in backyard
poultry and to estimate the relationships to that of NDV
currently circulating in the region, the complete genome
of NDV isolated from healthy backyard poultry flocks
was characterized genetically, phylogenetically and
biologically.

Hasil (Bahasa Indonesia) 1:

Newcastle disease (ND) adalah penyakit menaati OIE danpemberitahuan setiap wabah wajib untuk OIE [12].ND didistribusikan di seluruh dunia dan secara konsistendilaporkan dari semua benua. Di Pakistan, sporadisbentuk penyakit ada sepanjang tahun, dan hanyaterbatas jumlah wabah secara resmi atau tidak resmimelaporkan setiap tahunnya. Meskipun luas dan tidak terbatasmenggunakan vaksin impor, Power Tools masih tetap utamapenyakit unggas di Umum dan BPR ayam dariPakistan [13]. Ketidakcocokan antara lapangan dan vaksinstrain dan generasi baru Power Tools strain menjelaskan thisfailure vaksin. Selain itu, peran unggas pedesaan diepizootiology Power Tools di negara selalutetap menjadi misteri. Dalam rangka untuk mengevaluasi tingkatKeragaman genetik galur Power Tools yang beredar di halaman belakangunggas dan untuk memperkirakan hubungan dengan Power Toolssaat ini beredar di wilayah, genom lengkapdari Power Tools terisolasi dari sehat backyard unggas kawananditandai secara genetik, filogenetis danbiologis.