This paper responds to calls for a

This paper responds to calls for a more integrated
understanding of production and consumption to inform
robust policy and management practice, HM Government
(2010) recognising that in the main, management of
energy in food supply system is fragmented and demandside
approaches limited to providing consumers with the
awareness, information and incentive to take action to make
sustainable purchase decisions, and reduce domestic energy
use (Southerton et al., 2005). Although the limitations of
existing research must be acknowledged, we demonstrate
how combining existing insights from disciplines within and
beyond the social sciences provides a more sophisticated
approach to managing energy demand at a system level.
Section 3 presents the foundations of an approach in which
the interactions between consumers and remote supply chain
stages are appreciated. Such an approach, when combined
with the review of the Individual, Social and Material
Contexts in which specific patterns of energy demand are
formed in Section 4, provides a means of systematically
characterising the drivers of energy use in the food system
that is a-typical of research in this field. So what might be
done to progress towards an integrated approach to managing
energy in food production and consumption?
An important implication of this analysis is that in order
to fully embrace the range of potential energy reduction interventions
we must overcome the methodological and conceptual
isolation of consumption in which the behavioural
domain of consumers extends only to homes, shops and
restaurants. Section 3 identified trends in consumption that
have implications for energy use throughout the life cycle;
however it is evident that there are several areas in
which the preferred trajectories for such trends are unclear—
particularly where longitudinal data or understanding of
relationships is lacking. There is a need for research to better
understand interactions in this complex system, and interdisciplinary
approaches are likely to be invaluable in providing
such methodological and conceptual sophistication. Potential
questions include, for example, does increased frequency of
meals outside the home equate to domestic energy savings,
are there certain forms of catering that are less energy intensive
than others (taking account of the menus, portions,
sourcing, and cooking practices for example), and is currently
trajectory towards more or less energy intensive meals?
One key element, and particularly in addressing the critique
presented in Section 2, is the development of concepts
and methods that support integrated management activity,
and for models that better account for the interactions of production,
supply and consumption. This is particularly true in
the food industry where globalisation renders the relationships
increasingly complex and precarious; however similar
questions resonate with other substantive agendas (e.g. water,
transport, energy). The concepts and tools that traditionally
have facilitated the mapping and quantification of
impacts are not necessarily the same as those which identify
routes to realise change. Equipping policy makers and other
stakeholders with the tools that do embed a more diverse
conceptualisation of the drivers of consumptions and the interactions
between consumption and the rest of the life cycle
is an important step in supporting integrated management of
the food chain from farm to fork. It is proposed that by combining
a more consumption-centric analysis to understanding
the drivers of emissions across the life cycle with a tool
such as ISM, which encourages the synthesis of insights from
multiple social science perspectives, a fuller and wider array
of potential interventions (and packages of interventions) can
be identified.
In addition, a related progression and one which echoes
calls made elsewhere (Shove, 2010; Wilson and Chatterton,
2011; Spurling et al., 2013; Welch and Warde, 2014) is
that management responses must diversify and expand.
Behaviour change is a valid and valuable feature of policy
(Wilson and Chatterton, 2011), however current policy and
management remains focus on the Individual context,
developing increasingly sophisticated mechanisms to do so
but at the expense of attention as to how change in the Social
and Material Contexts might be realised (Macrorie et al., 2014;
Sharp et al., 2015). Southerton et al. (2012, 2011) suggest
the greatest potential for changing patterns of consumption
arise when interventions engage with all three contexts.
Consequently perhaps the most useful starting point at
this time is to consider what intervention into Social and
Material contexts might look like. The analysis in Section 4
provides the grounds to begin this process with regards to food by providing a much needed discussion on how diverse
elements such as retail provision, agricultural policy and
practice, t

Hasil (Bahasa Indonesia) 1:

Makalah ini menanggapi panggilan untuk lebih terintegrasipemahaman produksi dan konsumsi untuk menginformasikankuat manajemen kebijakan dan praktek, HM pemerintah(2010) mengakui bahwa dalam manajemen utama,energi dalam sistem pasokan makanan terpecah dan demandsidependekatan yang terbatas untuk menyediakan konsumen dengankesadaran, informasi dan insentif untuk mengambil tindakan untuk membuatberkelanjutan keputusan-keputusan pembelian, dan mengurangi energi dalam negerimenggunakan (Southerton et al, 2005). Meskipun keterbatasanpenelitian yang ada harus diakui, kita menunjukkanbagaimana menggabungkan ada wawasan dari mendisiplinkan dalam danmelampaui ilmu-ilmu sosial menyediakan lebih canggihpendekatan untuk mengelola permintaan energi pada tingkat sistem.Bagian 3 menyajikan dasar-dasar pendekatan di manainteraksi antara konsumen dan rantai pasokan terpenciltahap yang dihargai. Pendekatan seperti itu, bila dikombinasikandengan meninjau individu, sosial dan bahanKonteks di mana pola tertentu permintaan energi yangterbentuk di bagian 4, menyediakan sarana untuk secara sistematischaracterising driver penggunaan energi di sistem panganItulah yang khas dari penelitian di bidang ini. Jadi apa yang mungkindilakukan untuk kemajuan pendekatan terpadu untuk mengelolaenergi dalam produksi pangan dan konsumsi?Implikasi yang penting dari analisis ini adalah bahwa dalam rangkauntuk sepenuhnya merangkul berbagai intervensi pengurangan energi potensialkita harus mengatasi metodologis dan konseptualisolasi konsumsi di mana perilakudomain konsumen hanya berlaku untuk rumah, toko danRestoran. Bagian 3 mengidentifikasi tren konsumsi yangmemiliki implikasi untuk penggunaan energi sepanjang siklus hidup;Namun itu jelas bahwa ada beberapa daerah dilintasan pilihan untuk tren seperti yang jelas —terutama longitudinal data atau pemahamanhubungan yang kurang. Ada kebutuhan untuk penelitian untuk lebih baikmemahami interaksi dalam sistem kompleks ini, dan lintas disiplinpendekatan cenderung sangat berharga dalam menyediakankecanggihan seperti metodologis dan konseptual. Potensipertanyaan yang mencakup, misalnya, apakah peningkatan frekuensimakanan di luar rumah menyamakan untuk penghematan energi dalam negeri,ada bentuk-bentuk tertentu dari katering yang kurang energi intensifdaripada yang lain (memperhitungkan menu, porsisumber, dan memasak praktik misalnya), dan saat iniLintasan menuju lebih atau kurang energi intensif menu?Salah satu elemen kunci, dan terutama di menangani kritikdisajikan dalam bagian 2, adalah pengembangan konsepdan metode yang mendukung kegiatan manajemen terpadu,dan untuk model yang lebih baik account untuk interaksi produksi,pasokan dan konsumsi. Hal ini terutama berlaku diindustri makanan mana globalisasi menjadikan hubungansemakin kompleks dan berbahaya; Namun serupapertanyaan beresonansi dengan agenda-agenda yang substantif lain (misalnya air,transport, energy). The concepts and tools that traditionallyhave facilitated the mapping and quantification ofimpacts are not necessarily the same as those which identifyroutes to realise change. Equipping policy makers and otherstakeholders with the tools that do embed a more diverseconceptualisation of the drivers of consumptions and the interactionsbetween consumption and the rest of the life cycleis an important step in supporting integrated management ofthe food chain from farm to fork. It is proposed that by combininga more consumption-centric analysis to understandingthe drivers of emissions across the life cycle with a toolsuch as ISM, which encourages the synthesis of insights frommultiple social science perspectives, a fuller and wider arrayof potential interventions (and packages of interventions) canbe identified.In addition, a related progression and one which echoescalls made elsewhere (Shove, 2010; Wilson and Chatterton,2011; Spurling et al., 2013; Welch and Warde, 2014) isthat management responses must diversify and expand.Behaviour change is a valid and valuable feature of policy(Wilson and Chatterton, 2011), however current policy andmanagement remains focus on the Individual context,developing increasingly sophisticated mechanisms to do sobut at the expense of attention as to how change in the Socialand Material Contexts might be realised (Macrorie et al., 2014;Sharp et al., 2015). Southerton et al. (2012, 2011) suggestthe greatest potential for changing patterns of consumptionarise when interventions engage with all three contexts.Consequently perhaps the most useful starting point atthis time is to consider what intervention into Social andMaterial contexts might look like. The analysis in Section 4provides the grounds to begin this process with regards to food by providing a much needed discussion on how diverseelements such as retail provision, agricultural policy andpractice, t