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Bahasa Indonesia) 1:
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Liver flukes of animals are parasitic flatworms (Platyhelminthes: Digenea) of major socioeconomicimportance in many countries. Key representatives, such as Fasciola hepatica and F. gigantica, cause “liverfluke disease” (= fascioliasis), which is of major animal health significance worldwide. In particular, F.hepatica is a leading cause of production losses to the livestock (mainly sheep and cattle) and meat industriesdue to clinical disease, reduced weight gain and milk production, and deaths. This parasite is also a majorfood-borne pathogen of humans throughout parts of the Middle East, Asia and South America. Currently,there is a significant focus on the development of new approaches for the prevention and control offascioliasis in livestock. Recent technological advances in genomics and bioinformatics provide uniqueopportunities for the identification and prevalidation of drug targets and vaccines through a betterunderstanding of the biology of F. hepatica and related species as well as their relationship with their hosts atthe molecular level. Surprisingly, despite the widespread socioeconomic impact of fascioliasis, genomicdatasets for F. hepatica are scant, limiting the molecular biological research of this parasite. The presentarticle explores specifically the transcriptome of the adult stage of F. hepatica using an integrated genomic–bioinformatic platform. The analysis of the current data reveals numerous molecules of biological relevance,some of which are inferred to be involved in key biological processes or pathways that could serve as targetsfor new trematocidal drugs or vaccines. Improved insights into the transcriptome of F. hepatica should pavethe way for future, comparative analysis of the transcriptomes of other developmental stages of this andrelated parasites, such as F. gigantica, cancer-causing flatworms (Clonorchis sinensis and Opisthorchisviverrini) and blood flukes (Schistosoma mansoni and S. japonicum). Prediction of the essentiality of genesand their products, molecular network connectivity of trematode genes as well as experimental explorationof function should also add value to the genomic discovery efforts in the future, focused on biotechnologicaloutcomes.
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