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George W. BushThe airborne terrorist attacks on theWorld Trade Center, the Pentagon, andthe thwarted flight against the WhiteHouse or Capitol on September 11, 2001,in which nearly 3,000 Americans werekilled, transformed George W. Bush into awartime president. The attacks put onhold many of Bush’s hopes and plans, andBush’s father, George Bush, the 41stpresident, declared that his son “faced thegreatest challenge of any president sinceAbraham Lincoln.”In response, Bush formed a new cabinet-level Department of Homeland Security,sent American forces into Afghanistan tobreak up the Taliban, a movement underOsama bin Laden that trained financedand exported terrorist teams. The Talibanwas successfully disrupted but Bin Ladenwas not captured and was still on theloose as Bush began his second term.Following the attacks, the president alsorecast the nation’s intelligence gatheringand analysis services, and ordered reformof the military forces to meet the newenemy. At the same time he deliveredmajor tax cuts which had been acampaign pledge. His most controversialact was the invasion of Iraq on the beliefthat Iraqi President Saddam Husseinposed a grave threat to the United States.Saddam was captured, but the disruptionof Iraq and the killing of Americanservicemen and friendly Iraqis byinsurgents became the challenge of Bush’sgovernment as he began his second term.President Bush pledged during his 2005State of the Union Address that the UnitedStates would help the Iraqi peopleestablish a fully democratic governmentbecause the victory of freedom in Iraqwould strengthen a new ally in the war onterror, bring hope to a troubled region,and lift a threat from the lives of futuregenerations.Bush was born in New Haven,Connecticut while his father wasattending Yale University after service inWorld War II. The family moved toMidland, Texas, where the senior Bushentered the oil exploration business. Theson spent formative years there, attendedMidland public schools, and formedfriendships that stayed with him into theWhite House. Bush graduated from Yale,received a business degree from Harvard,and then returned to Midland where hetoo got into the oil business. In Midlandhe met and married Laura Welch, ateacher and librarian. They had twindaughters, Jenna and Barbara, now out ofcollege and pursuing careers.When George W. Bush, at the age of 54,became the 43rd president of the UnitedStates, it was only the second time inAmerican history that a president’s sonwent on to the White House. John QuincyAdams, elected the sixth president in1824, was the son of John Adams, thesecond president. While John Adams hadgroomed his son to be president, GeorgeBush, the 41st president, insisted he wassurprised when the eldest of his sixchildren became interested in politics,became governor of Texas, and then wenton to the White House.During the early part of the 2000campaign for the White House, Bushenjoyed a double-digit lead in the pollsover his opponent Vice President Al GoreJr. But the gap closed as the electionapproached and though Gore finally wonthe popular vote by 543,895 votes,victory or loss of the presidency hingedon Florida’s electoral votes. That strugglethrough recounts and lawsuits worked itsway to the Supreme Court. In the endBush won the electoral count 271 to 266.His new administration was focused on“compassionate conservatism,” whichembraced excellence in education, taxrelief and volunteerism among faith-basedand community organizations.Bush was challenged in his re-election bidin 2004 by Massachusetts DemocraticSenator John Kerry. The election was agood contest, but Bush’s contention thatthe invasion of Iraq had made the worldmore secure against terrorism won thenational political debate. Bush was re-elected with 51 percent to 48 percent.On the inaugural stand, George W. Bushset the theme for his second term: “At thissecond gathering, our duties are definednot by the words I use, but by the historywe have seen together. For half a century,America defended our own freedom bystanding watch on distant borders. Afterthe shipwreck of communism came yearsof relative quiet- and then there came aday of fire. There is only one force ofhistory that can break the reign of hatredand resentment, and expose the
pretensions of tyrants, and reward the
hopes of the decent and tolerant, and
that is the force of human freedom –
tested but not weary… we are ready for
the greatest achievements in the history
of freedom.”
The Presidential biographies on
WhiteHouse.gov are from “The Presidents
of the United States of America,” by Frank
Freidel and Hugh Sidey. Copyright 2006
by the White House Historical Association.
Learn more about George W. Bush 's
spouse, Laura Welch Bush .
Did you know?
In 2002, President George W. Bush’s
State of the Union was the first to be
live broadcast on the Internet. In 2011
and 2012, President Obama’s State of
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