C. Soft-Switched Multilevel Converter Somesoft-switching methods can b terjemahan - C. Soft-Switched Multilevel Converter Somesoft-switching methods can b Bahasa Indonesia Bagaimana mengatakan

C. Soft-Switched Multilevel Convert

C. Soft-Switched Multilevel Converter
Somesoft-switching methods can beimplemented for different multilevel converters to
reduce the switching loss and to increase efficiency. For the cascaded converter, because each
converter cell is a bi-level circuit, the implementation of soft switching is not at all different from
that of conventional bi-level converters. For capacitor-clamped or diode-clampedconverters,
soft-switching circuits have been proposed withdifferent circuit combinations.One of softswitching circuits is a zero-voltage-switching type which includes auxiliary resonant
commutated pole (ARCP), coupled inductor withzero-voltage transition (ZVT), and their
combinations [1, 36] as shown in Figure 31.10.
D. Back-to-Back Diode-Clamped Converter
Two multilevel converters can be connected in a back-to-back arrangement and then the
combination can be connected to the electrical systemin a series-parallel arrangement as shown
in Figure 31.11. Both the current demanded fromthe utilityand thevoltage delivered to the load
can becontrolledat thesametime. This series-parallel activepower filter has beenreferredtoas
a universalpower conditioner [37-43]when usedon electrical distribution systems and as a
universal power flow controller [44-48] when applied at the transmissionlevel. Previously, Lai
and Peng [30] proposed the back-to-back diode-clamped topology shown in Figure 31.12 for use
as a high-voltage dc inter connection between two asynchronous ac systems or as a
rectifier/inverter for an adjustable speed drive for high-voltage motors. The diode-clamped
inverter hasbeen chosen over the other two basic multilevel circuit topologiesfor use ina
universal power conditioner for the following reasons:


All six phases (three oneach inverter) can share a common dc link. Conversely,the
cascade inverter requires that each dc level be separate, and this is not conducive to a
back-to-back arrangement.
The multilevel flying-capacitor converter also shares a common dc link; however, each
phase leg requires several additional auxiliary capacitors. These extra capacitors would
add substantially to the cost and the size ofthe conditioner.
Because a diode-clamped converter actingas a universal power conditioner will beexpected
to compensate for harmonics and/or operate in low amplitude modulation index regions, a more
sophisticated, higher-frequency switch control than the fundamental frequency switching method
will beneeded. For thisreason,multilevel spacevectorand carrier-basedPWM approachesare
compared in the next section, as well as novel carrier-based PWM methodologies
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C. Soft-Switched Multilevel Converter Somesoft-switching methods can beimplemented for different multilevel converters to reduce the switching loss and to increase efficiency. For the cascaded converter, because each converter cell is a bi-level circuit, the implementation of soft switching is not at all different fromthat of conventional bi-level converters. For capacitor-clamped or diode-clampedconverters, soft-switching circuits have been proposed withdifferent circuit combinations.One of softswitching circuits is a zero-voltage-switching type which includes auxiliary resonantcommutated pole (ARCP), coupled inductor withzero-voltage transition (ZVT), and their combinations [1, 36] as shown in Figure 31.10. D. Back-to-Back Diode-Clamped Converter Two multilevel converters can be connected in a back-to-back arrangement and then the combination can be connected to the electrical systemin a series-parallel arrangement as shown in Figure 31.11. Both the current demanded fromthe utilityand thevoltage delivered to the load can becontrolledat thesametime. This series-parallel activepower filter has beenreferredtoas a universalpower conditioner [37-43]when usedon electrical distribution systems and as auniversal power flow controller [44-48] when applied at the transmissionlevel. Previously, Lai and Peng [30] proposed the back-to-back diode-clamped topology shown in Figure 31.12 for use as a high-voltage dc inter connection between two asynchronous ac systems or as a rectifier/inverter for an adjustable speed drive for high-voltage motors. The diode-clampedinverter hasbeen chosen over the other two basic multilevel circuit topologiesfor use ina universal power conditioner for the following reasons: • • All six phases (three oneach inverter) can share a common dc link. Conversely,the cascade inverter requires that each dc level be separate, and this is not conducive to a back-to-back arrangement. The multilevel flying-capacitor converter also shares a common dc link; however, each phase leg requires several additional auxiliary capacitors. These extra capacitors wouldadd substantially to the cost and the size ofthe conditioner. Because a diode-clamped converter actingas a universal power conditioner will beexpectedto compensate for harmonics and/or operate in low amplitude modulation index regions, a moresophisticated, higher-frequency switch control than the fundamental frequency switching methodwill beneeded. For thisreason,multilevel spacevectorand carrier-basedPWM approachesarecompared in the next section, as well as novel carrier-based PWM methodologies
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C. Soft-Switched Multilevel Converter
Somesoft-switching metode dapat beimplemented untuk konverter bertingkat yang berbeda untuk
mengurangi kerugian switching dan untuk meningkatkan efisiensi. Untuk converter mengalir, karena setiap
sel converter adalah sirkuit bi-tingkat, pelaksanaan switching lembut sama sekali tidak berbeda dengan
yang konverter bi-tingkat konvensional. Untuk-kapasitor dijepit atau dioda-clampedconverters,
switching sirkuit soft-telah diusulkan sirkuit withdifferent combinations.One sirkuit softswitching adalah jenis zero-tegangan-switching yang mencakup tambahan resonan
tiang commutated (ARCP), ditambah induktor withzero tegangan transisi (ZVT ), dan mereka
kombinasi [1, 36] seperti yang ditunjukkan pada Gambar 31.10.
D. Back-to-Kembali Diode-jepit Converter
Dua konverter bertingkat dapat dihubungkan dalam susunan back-to-back dan kemudian
kombinasi dapat dihubungkan ke systemin listrik pengaturan seri-paralel seperti yang ditunjukkan
pada Gambar 31.11. Baik saat menuntut dari dana utilityand thevoltage dikirim ke beban
dapat becontrolledat thesametime. Activepower Filter seri-paralel ini memiliki beenreferredtoas
kondisioner universalpower [37-43] ketika usedon sistem distribusi listrik dan sebagai
pengontrol aliran daya yang universal [44-48] bila diterapkan di transmissionlevel tersebut. Sebelumnya, Lai
Peng dan [30] mengusulkan dioda-dijepit topologi back-to-back yang ditunjukkan pada Gambar 31,12 untuk digunakan
sebagai tegangan tinggi dc koneksi antar antara dua sistem ac asynchronous atau sebagai
penyearah / inverter untuk drive kecepatan disesuaikan untuk motor tegangan tinggi. Dioda-dijepit
inverter hasbeen dipilih lebih dari dua rangkaian dasar bertingkat lainnya topologiesfor menggunakan ina
conditioner daya universal dengan alasan sebagai berikut:


Semua enam fase (tiga inverter oneach) dapat berbagi link dc umum. Sebaliknya,
inverter kaskade mengharuskan setiap tingkat dc terpisah, dan hal ini tidak kondusif untuk
pengaturan back-to-back.
The bertingkat terbang-kapasitor converter juga berbagi link dc umum; Namun, masing-masing
kaki fase memerlukan beberapa kapasitor tambahan tambahan. Kapasitor tambahan akan
menambah besar terhadap biaya dan ukuran tersebut yang kondisioner.
Karena converter dioda-dijepit actingas kondisioner daya universal akan beexpected
untuk mengkompensasi harmonisa dan / atau beroperasi di daerah indeks modulasi amplitudo rendah, yang lebih
canggih, frekuensi yang lebih tinggi switch control daripada metode beralih frekuensi dasar
akan beneeded. Untuk thisreason, spacevectorand bertingkat carrier-basedPWM approachesare
dibandingkan di bagian selanjutnya, serta metodologi PWM berbasis pembawa baru
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