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The importance of being accurateLat
The importance of being accurate
Later research extended sherif’s classic study on informational conformity in interesting way (Baron, Vandello & Brunsman, 1996; Levine, Higgings & Choi, 2000). This research employed judgment task that are more like real than the autokinetic effect. It also revealed another variable that affects informational social influence: how important it is to the individual to be accurate at the task.
For example, in one study, research participants were given an involving but ambiguous task: eyewitness identification. Just like eyewitnesses of a real crime, the participants were asked to pick a “perpetrator” out of a lineup. For each of the 13 tasks, the participants were first shown a slide of a man – the perpetrator. Next they saw a slide of a lineup composed of four men, one of whom was the perpetrator. In the lineup, the perpetrator was sometimes dressed differently than he had been in the prior slide. The participant’s job was to pick him out. The task was made very difficult (to the point of ambiguity) by presenting the slides extremely quickly. Participants saw each slide for only half a second. The eyewitness task took place in a group consisting of the participant and there confederates. Each of the four said their answers out loud after viewing each pair of slide. On the critical seven trials, where informational social influence would be measures, the three confederates answered before the participant – and all the confederates gave the same wrong answer.
Later research extended sherif’s classic study on informational conformity in interesting way (Baron, Vandello & Brunsman, 1996; Levine, Higgings & Choi, 2000). This research employed judgment task that are more like real than the autokinetic effect. It also revealed another variable that affects informational social influence: how important it is to the individual to be accurate at the task.
For example, in one study, research participants were given an involving but ambiguous task: eyewitness identification. Just like eyewitnesses of a real crime, the participants were asked to pick a “perpetrator” out of a lineup. For each of the 13 tasks, the participants were first shown a slide of a man – the perpetrator. Next they saw a slide of a lineup composed of four men, one of whom was the perpetrator. In the lineup, the perpetrator was sometimes dressed differently than he had been in the prior slide. The participant’s job was to pick him out. The task was made very difficult (to the point of ambiguity) by presenting the slides extremely quickly. Participants saw each slide for only half a second. The eyewitness task took place in a group consisting of the participant and there confederates. Each of the four said their answers out loud after viewing each pair of slide. On the critical seven trials, where informational social influence would be measures, the three confederates answered before the participant – and all the confederates gave the same wrong answer.
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Pentingnya menjadi akuratKemudian Penelitian studi klasik sherif diperpanjang pada kesesuaian informasi menarik cara (Baron, Vandello & Brunsman, 1996; Levine, Higgings & Choi, 2000). Penelitian ini mempekerjakan tugas penilaian yang lebih seperti nyata dari efek autokinetic. Hal ini juga terungkap variabel lain yang mempengaruhi pengaruh sosial informasi: betapa pentingnya itu adalah untuk individu akan akurat pada tugas.Sebagai contoh, dalam satu penelitian, penelitian peserta diberi melibatkan tapi tugas ambigu: identifikasi saksi mata. Seperti saksi mata kejahatan nyata, para peserta diminta untuk memilih "pelaku" keluar dari barisan. Untuk setiap tugas 13, para peserta pertama kali ditampilkan slide manusia – pelaku. Selanjutnya mereka melihat slide dari barisan terdiri dari empat laki-laki, salah satunya adalah pelaku. Dalam lineup, pelaku adalah kadang-kadang berpakaian berbeda daripada yang ia telah di slide sebelumnya. Para peserta pekerjaan adalah untuk memilih nya. Tugas dibuat sangat sulit (untuk titik ambiguitas) dengan menghadirkan slide sangat cepat. Peserta melihat masing-masing slide untuk hanya setengah detik. Tugas saksi mata berlangsung dalam sebuah kelompok yang terdiri dari para peserta dan tidak bergabung. Masing-masing dari empat kata jawaban mereka keras setelah melihat pasangan masing-masing slide. Pada persidangan tujuh kritis, dimana pengaruh sosial informasi akan langkah-langkah, militer tiga menjawab sebelum peserta- dan semua militer memberikan jawaban yang salah sama.
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- Informational social influence: the need
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